Zvese vanhu nemadomasi zvinouya muchimiro nehukuru hwakasiyana. Imhaka yokuti munhu mumwe nomumwe ane zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvemajini—kuchinja-chinja—kunobata maitirwo nemashandiro anoita majini. Kuwedzerwa pamwe chete, mamirioni ezvidiki zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kufanotaura kuti imwe shanduko ichakanganisa sei chero munhu. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory (CSHL) Muzvinafundo naHoward Hughes Medical Institute Muongorori Zach Lippman vakaratidza kuti mutsauko wemajini mumadomasi ungapesvedzera nzira iyo imwe shanduko inokanganisa chirimwa. Ari kushanda kuti akwanise kufanotaura mhedzisiro yekuchinja kwemhando dzakasiyana dzematomatisi.
Kusanganiswa kwakasiyana kwekuchinja kunogona kukanganisa saizi yemadomasi zvisingatarisike. Mumufananidzo uyu, koramu yekutanga inoratidza isina kushandurwa (WT) tomato. Koramu yechipiri neyechitatu inoratidza madomasi ane shanduko imwe chete mudunhu rekusimudzira (R1 kana R4) yemuchero saizi gene SlCV3. Iko kushanduka kwega kwega kune zvishoma pakukura kwemichero. Asi kusanganiswa kwekuchinja uku kuviri (R1 + R4) kunobereka muchero wakakura zvikuru.
Muchidzidzo ichi, Lippman nechikwata chake vakashandisa CRISPR, yakanyatsonanga uye yakanangwa gene-editing tool, pamhando mbiri dzematomatisi dzinodzora kukura kwemichero, SlCV3 uye SlWUS. Vakagadzira anopfuura makumi matanhatu ematomatisi ekuchinja nekubvisa zvidimbu zvidiki zveDNA munzvimbo dzinosimudzira, nzvimbo dziri pedyo nemajini anodzora kutaura kwavo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuchinja kwega kwega kwakawedzera kukura kwemadomasi zvishoma. Mamwe mapeya ekuchinja haana kuchinja hukuru hwemichero zvachose. Misanganiswa mishomanana yakabatana yakakonzera kuwedzera kunoshamisa, kusingafungidzirwe mukukura kwemichero. Lippman anoti: “Iyo chaiyo Holy Grail mune zvese izvi zvekuuchika zvirimwa ndeyekufanotaura. Kana ndikashandura iyi nhevedzano, ini ndichawana iyi mhedzisiro. Nekuti kune iri gungwa rezvimwe zvakasiyana izvo zvakasikwa zvakaunganidza padyo neshanduko yauri mainjiniya, pamwe nekupararira mukati megenome, mazhinji ayo anogona kunge achipesvedzera shanduko chaiyo yauri kugadzira.
Uhu huwandu hwekudyidzana kune chero huviri hwekuchinja hunoenzanisira mhedzisiro yekuchinja kumwe kunoitika mune akasiyana genetic background. Mhedzisiro yacho inofananidzwa neiyo inowanikwa mune zvimwe zvirwere zvevanhu, uko vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine dzimwe shanduko dzakagara dziripo dzinovadzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvinokonzeresa shanduko.
Lippman nechikwata chake vachaenderera mberi nekuenzanisa kuti shanduko yemunhu uye yakasanganiswa inokanganisa sei humwe hunhu hwechirimwa. Kusvika pari zvino, vakayera kudyidzana pakati pekuchinja kuviri kwemunhu, asi genomes ane mamirioni ekusiyana. Lippman anotarisira kudzidza kudyidzana kwakakwana kuita kuti kuberekesa kuve kufembera uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko,
Cold Spring Harari Laborator
www.cshl.edu