Kunze kwekunge iyo European Union ichibvumidza nzira nyowani dzekuuchika dzakadai sekugadzirisa magene mune zvekurima zvekurima, nzira yeEuropean Farm to Fork ingangotadza kuzadzisa vimbiso yayo yekuenda kunozadzisa Zvinogoneka zvebudiriro. Boka rekutsvagisa repasi rese, kusanganisira vesaenzi kubva kuWageningen University & Research (WUR), vanoita chikumbiro ichi mupepa rakaburitswa muTrends muPlant Science. Sekureva kwevanyori, kurima organic uye yazvino biotechnology zvese zvine simba razvo mukupa kune ma SDG; Kubatanidza nzira mbiri idzi kunogona kuburitsa ma synergies akakosha.
Muna 2015 nharaunda yepasi rose yakatsanangura Sustainable Development Goals iyo inogadzirisa matambudziko epasirese anotarisana nenyika, senge Zero Nzara, Climate Action uye Upenyu Pasi. European Commission (EC) yakazvipira kuzvinangwa izvi, izvo zvinofanirwa kuzadziswa muna 2030. Nekushandisa zano reFarm to Fork, EC panguva imwechete inoda kusimudzira kusimudzira kwenzvimbo yekurima yeEU nechinangwa chekuzadzikisa. 25% yepurazi rakazara pasi pekurima kwe organic muna 2030. Zvisinei, kana zviripo zviripo kuEurope pakushandisa matekinoroji matsva zviripo, kuwedzera uku hakuzovimbisa kugadzikana, sekudzidza kwakaitwa nemasayendisiti kubva kuWageningen (Netherlands), Bayreuth, Göttingen, Düsseldorf, Heidelberg (Germany), Alnarp (Sweden) uye Berkeley (USA) inoratidza.
Kubudirira kwezvakatipoteredza padanho remunharaunda, kurasikirwa pasi rose
Kurima kwema organic kunogona kubatsira pakubata kwezvakatipoteredza uye kusiyanisa kwenharaunda padanho remunharaunda. Zvakadaro, zvichienzaniswa nekurima kwakajairwa, kurima kwehupenyu kunounza goho rakaderera. Nekudaro, ivhu rakawandisa rinodiwa kuti riunze huwandu hwakaenzana hwechikafu chemhando yepamusoro, asi kushandurwa kwenzvimbo yepasi kuita ivhu rekurima ndiyo imwe yezvinonyanya kukonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze nekurasika kwezvisikwa zvipenyu. “Kudikanwa kwepasi rose kwechikafu chemhando yepamusoro kunowedzera. "Kurima kwakawanda muEU saka kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzekurima kumwe kunhu munyika, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kudhura kwezvakatipoteredza zvinopfuura chero bhenefiti yemuno muEU," anodaro munyori-munyori Justus Wesseler, purofesa weAgriculture Economics neRural. Mutemo paWUR. Mune mamwe mazwi: iyo yakarongeka EU inowedzera ye organic kugadzirwa inogona kukonzeresa zvishoma, kwete zvakanyanya kuchengetedza zvirongwa zvechikafu.
Iwo anogona kubatana pakati pekurima kwehupenyu uye zvekurima biotechnology.
Precision maturusi mukudyara kwezvirimwa
Mukuburitswa kwavo muTrends muPlant Science, vanyori saka vanopokana kuti kuzadzisa zvese zviri zviviri%% yemapurazi chinangwa uye ma SDG's, zvinokwanisika chete kana mutemo weEU washandurwa uye kushandiswa kweazvino biotechnology uye nzira dzekuberekesa dzinovhurwa, kunyanya mu kugadzirwa kwe organic. "Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pakugadzirisa majini, chishandiso chitsva chakanangana nekudyara kwezvirimwa," anodaro Richard Visser, purofesa wePlant Breeding kuWUR. "Kugadziriswa kweGene kunopa mikana yakasarudzika yekuita kuti kugadzirwa kwechikafu kuenderere mberi nekuvandudza hunhu, asi zvakare kuchengetedzeka, kwechikafu kunyanya mune izvo zvirimwa zvakayambuka mukume uye / kana zvakasimudzwa zvine zvinomera. Nerubatsiro rweizvi zvitsva mamorekuru maturusi, mbesa dzakasimba zvikuru dzinogona kugadzirwa dzinounza goho repamusoro rezvakanaka zvemhando yepamusoro, kunyangwe nefetiraiza shoma. ”
Mhangura-ine mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka mu organic kurima
Uye zvakare, kugadzirisa jeni kunoshandiswa kubereka zvirimwa zvinodzivirira fungus zvinokura pasi pekurima kwehupenyu pasina mishonga yemhangura. Mhangura inonyanya kutyisa kune ivhu uye zvipuka zvemumvura, asi mashandisirwo ayo kudzora fungi inobvumidzwa pakurima kwe organic nekuda kwekushaikwa kweimwe isiri yemakemikari dzimwe nguva. Visser: "Kurima kwega kwega nekugadzirisa majini zvinogona kutsigirana zvakanaka uye zvikabatanidzwa zvinogona kubatsira mukusimudzira kwenzvimbo nepasirese."
Kukunda kusarura kwakadzika midzi
Vanyori vanotarisira kuti kuitiswa kweshanduko repamutemo hazvigoneke pasi pezvinoitika zvematongerwo enyika. "Vazhinji vanogadzira EU uye nyika vanogadzira mutemo nemapoka anofarira vanoita kunge vanosarudza kugara pamwe chete, uko kugadzirwa kwehupenyu uye hwazvino biotechnology zvakanyatsopatsanurwa," anodaro Wesseler.
Vatsvakurudzi vanotarisira kuti kuvandudzwa kwekutaurirana kunogona zvishoma nezvishoma kukunda kumwe kusarura kwakadzika midzi pakati pevagadziri uye neruzhinji rwevanhu. Visser: "Kunyangwe dai kwaive kwekugadzirisa majini nekuti nzira iyi nyowani inogonesa kuburitsa kwakanangana pasina kuunza magene ekunze muzvirimwa."
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko,
Wageningen University & Tsvagiridzo
www.avapa.nl