Nehurumende dzinoverengeka pasi rose dziri kutevera miganhu pakushandiswa kwefetereza yenitrogen mukurima, varimi vaizochinjira sei kana hurumende yeAustralia yakatora nzira yakafanana?
Nheyo dzinokosha:
- Kugadzirwa kwefertilizer uye kushandiswa kunokonzeresa inopfuura hafu yegreenhouse gasi tsoka yechirimwa chegorosi chenyika
- Nitrous oxide emissions inobva mukupisa kwemafetiraiza enitrogen seurea
- Volatilisation inogona kudzikiswa kuburikidza nehutungamiriri, asi synthetic nitrogen yakaoma kutsiva mukudyara masisitimu
Mukuru anoona nezvetsvakurudzo yeBirchip Cropping Group, VaJames Murray, vakati nzira iri pachena yekudzikisa kuburitswa kwefetereza yenitrogen ndeyekushandisa shoma.
"Ini ndinofungidzira semuzvarirwo nzira yekuenda kune imwe kurima maruva akawanda mukutenderera, nekuti kana tichirima maruva hatifanire kuisa nitrogen kusangana nekugadzirwa," akadaro.
"Asi hazvisi nyore saizvozvi, nekuti kune gasi regreenhouse rinobuda senitrous oxide rine chekuita nekuparara kwemashanga ema legume."
Mukurima zvirimwa zvakakura, kugadzirwa kwefetereza uye kushandiswa kwakaverengera makumi mashanu nesere muzana eAustralia gorosi rakapisa gasi rinopisa mumakore mashanu apfuura, sekureva kweDhipatimendi Rezvekurima.
Pane izvozvo, 31 muzana yakaitika papurazi, chikamu chikuru chayo chakauya kuburikidza nekupisa kwenitrogen fetireza, uko nitrous oxide inoburitswa mumhepo.
Nitrous oxide igasi regreenhouse rine simba rakapetwa ka300 pane carbon dioxide.
Kunze kwekurima mbesa dzinogadzirisa nitrogen kuitira kuderedza kushandiswa kwefetereza, VaMurray vanoti kune zvinhu zvinogonesa kuvhuvhuta kwechirimwa, izvo zvinoitika kana nitrogen yaiswa muchirimwa uye mvura isinganayi zvakakwana zvichitevera kuiswa kwayo.
"Kune zvigadzirwa zvishoma pamusika - imwe ndeye urease inhibitor, iyo inoderedza njodzi yekunyungudika nekunonoka kuburitswa kana ukanyorera kana ukasawana mvura yekutevera nekukurumidza," akadaro.
"Imwe yacho ndeye polymer coating, iyo inononoka kuburitswa kwenitrogen zvakanyanya.
“Asi dambudziko ravanaro nderekuti haridhure mashandisiro ekushandisa, uye urease inhibitor inotengesa mari inosvika madhora makumi mashanu patani pamusoro pemutengo weurea yako, saka zvinovhura mubvunzo wekuti zvinodhura zvakadii mukurima. system."
VaMurray vakati kunyangwe varimi vakashandisa urease inhibitor kana kuti kwete, pane kukosha kwakakosha mukuwana nitrogen yekushandisa zvakanaka uye kuderedza kushanduka.
"Tinotaura zvishoma nezve maRs mana - saka mwero chaiwo, chigadzirwa chakakodzera, sosi chaiyo uye nguva yakakodzera, iyo mukupera kwezuva ichave nemabhenefiti akakosha ekugadzirwa, uye kana isu tichidzikisa greenhouse gasi redu. footprint panguva imwe chete, iyo ibhonasi,” akadaro.
Nyika dzinosanganisira New Zealand, Canada neNetherlands dziri kuteedza mitemo yekushandiswa kwefetereza kuitira kuderedza kubuda kwemhepo, izvo zvinonzi naVaMurray inyaya yevarimi muno.
"Pane kufunga nezve kuwanikwa kwemusika uye zvingangozopihwa remangwana pamusoro pemashandisirwo ezvinhu," akadaro.
“Ini ndinofunga pane mukana wakakura wekuti indasitiri yezviyo yeAustralia ive pamberi pemutambo pazvinhu izvi, kungave kwekuwana musika kana kutariswa kwesimba.
“Panyaya yekuvandudza mashandisiro atinoita zvirimwa zvedu, pundutso huru ndeyepasi panyaya yekusimudzira kurimwa kwegoho.”
Ndedzipi dzimwe nzira?
Vamwe varimi vari kuyedza dzimwe nzira dzekuita fetireza yekugadzira pasi pechirongwa che “regenerative agriculture”.
Mumwe wavo ndiLuke Batters, anorima nemhuri yake pedyo neSt Arnaud kumadokero kweVictoria.
"Kushanda kwedu kunonyanya kuenderana nemaitiro ekugadzira uye kushandisa kwedu mafetireza ekugadzira nemakemikari kwawedzera zvakanyanya," akadaro.
“Ndakanga ndichishanda kunze kwekurima kwemakore manomwe uye pandakadzoka kupurazi ndakava nemafungiro akasiyana saka tiri kuongorora zvinhu zvishoma zvakasiyana maererano nezvekushandisa, tichitarisa kusiyana kwakasiyana kwecarbon nebiological and chemistry-based inputs. iyo system."
VaBatters vari kuyedza dzimwe nzira dzakaita semupfudze, mupfudze, wegungwa uye vermicast, musanganiswa wezvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira kukanda makonye.
“Pandakazotanga kuita basa rekuyedza iri ndipo pandakaona kuti taivimba sei nenitrogen sechinhu chekugadzira,” akadaro.
Zvinetso ndezvipi?
VaBatters vakati kunyangwe vachifunga kuti miedzo yavo yaive neimwe nzira, vaive vasina nitrogen zvakanyanya uye havana kukwanisa kupedzisa kuperevedza nedzimwe nzira dzavakashandisa.
"Ndakaenda kunotonhora zvakanyanya ndikarega kushandisa fetireza yekugadzira uye zvave zvakanyanya, mutsauko uripo pakati peakaiswa fetireza yekugadzira uye kusave nefotereza yekugadzira uye kuvimba neimwe nzira," akadaro.
"Zvinhu izvi zvichashanda muhurongwa kana biology yasimuka ichienda, asi nekuda kwekuti hurongwa hwedu hwave hushoma hwebiology, hazvisati zvatanga."
VaBatters vati havasati vawana zvavanenge vachitarisira asi vacharamba.
"Kana paine mirau mune ramangwana pane zvatinokwanisa nezvatisingakwanise kuita uye isu tisina imwe nzira tinobuda tisina kumira mushe," akadaro.