Sechikamu cheGlobal Fresh Market: Vegetables & Fruits kuratidzwa, varimi vakakurukura tarisiro yekuvandudzwa kwemuriwo wegreenhouse urikura muRussia. Sezvo Aleksey Kurenin, maneja wepurojekiti kuGrodan, akacherekedza mumushumo wake, vanhu vekuRussia vari kushingaira kushandura magaka epamba uye tomate: mumakore gumi apfuura, chikamu chekutengeswa kwemiriwo mitsva kubva kuboka regreenhouse chadonha kubva pa51% kusvika ku19%. Kupesana nemashure ekuderedzwa kwenhamba yevakwikwidzi kubva kunze kwenyika, vagadziri veRussia vane mukana wekusvetuka kwakasimba kumberi. Nekudaro, akati wandei matambudziko anopokana nekukura kwakanyanya kwemagreenhouses kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kudaro.
Sekureva kweBazi rezvekurima reRussia, huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwemiriwo yegreenhouse kubvira pakutanga kwegore hwakawedzera ne6.8% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana gore rapfuura. Asi zvisinei neizvi, nhanho yekuzvigutsa kwenyika mune greenhouse miriwo haisati yadarika 72%.
"Kunyangwe takatarisana neyakaoma 2022, vanhu vekuRussia vakachengetedza mari yakawanda pamadomasi nemagaka - iyi hafu yemiriwo inodyiwa. Uye iko zvino, pamusoro pekuderedzwa kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika uye kudiwa kwakasimba kwevatengi, indasitiri yedu inogona kutungamira. Asi izvi zvinoda kushanda nesimba. Ichokwadi ndechokuti chiyero chekukura kwezvibereko zvakakura uye kutumirwa kwenzvimbo itsva kunosvika kune imwe nzvimbo: zvinhu zvose zvinoratidza kuti munguva yemberi iri pedyo hapazovi nemikana yekuwedzera kukuru kwegoho remiriwo yakasvibirira, "akadaro Alexey Kurenin panguva. kutaura kwake paGlobal Fresh Market: Vegetables & Fruits.
Njodzi dzakakosha dzeindasitiri muGrodan ndeidzi:
kuderedzwa kwakanyanya mukutumirwa kwenzvimbo itsva;
kuwedzera kwemakwikwi emukati;
kuwedzera kudzvinyirira pamitengo yekutengesa;
kuwedzera kukuru kwemari yezvinhu zvinodyiwa.
Kutsamira kwakanyanya pamidziyo inotengeswa kunze kwenyika kunogona kuita basa rakakosha.
Maererano naKurenin, kuitira kudzoreredza mamiriro acho ezvinhu, zvakakosha kuwedzera kushanda kweiyo yatove iripo kugadzirwa kwegreenhouse miriwo. Nzira yekuita sei izvi?
Chekutanga, nekuwana goho rakawanda kubva kuchirimwa chimwe nechimwe uye imwe neimwe square mita. Izvi zvinofambiswa kwete chete neanoshanda mwenje wekuwedzera uye nekushandiswa kwefetereza, asiwo nenzvimbo inokura yemhando yepamusoro.
“Pasina midzi yakakwana ine hutano, hazvibviri kuwedzera goho, uye kukura kwemidzi yakasimba, zvakare, kunoenderana nekunaka uye kugona kwevhu. Panyaya iyi, kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zve hydroponic zvakazviratidza zvakanaka, izvo, zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisati zvanyatsogadzirwa muRussia. Ndichakupa muenzaniso. Takaita bvunzo pamadomasi akarimwa pasi petsika dzakareruka mamiriro: isu takatsiva yakajairika ivhu regreenhouse neGrodan GT Master ibwe weol substrate. Somugumisiro, kuwedzera kwezvibereko zvemwedzi wekutanga nehafu yekukohwa kwaiva 1.05 kg / m2, uye imwe purofiti yepurazi yaiva inenge 800,000 rubles / ha. Iyo peculiarity ndeyokuti matombo emvere dzematombo haasungiri mamineral nutrients, saka anotorwa zvachose nezvirimwa. Mukuwedzera, 98% yemvura muGrodan substrates inowanikwa kune zvirimwa zvemiriwo, "akadaro Alexey Kurenin.
Chechipiri, nekugadzirisa mari. Kunyanya, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehupfumi kushandiswa kwemafetereza. Maererano nekufungidzira kweWorld Bank, muna 2021, mari yefetereza yakawedzera nezvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana, uye pakupera kwa80 inogona kuwedzera imwe 2022%. Sekureva kwaGrodan, paavhareji, kutengwa kwemafetiraiza kunokwana 70-10% yehuwandu hwemutengo weiyo greenhouse complexes.
“Hydroponic horticulture inobvumira kushandiswa kwefetereza zvine hungwaru uye zvine mari nekuda kwemvura shoma. Muchirongwa chakavhurika, kushandiswa kwefetereza pakirogiramu yechigadzirwa kunogona kudzikiswa ne25%. Mune yakavharwa system, zvinotokwanisika kushandisa zvakare mafetiraiza asina kubatwa nechirimwa, zvichikonzera kuchengetwa kweanosvika 78%. Imwe yeongororo yedu yakaratidza kuti kuchengetwa kwefetereza pakurima makoka paGrodan Express mineral wool substrate i113,932 rubles/ha per turnover,” Alexey Kurenin anopa muenzaniso.
Nokudaro, kubudirira kwehutano muindasitiri yegreenhouse muRussia nhasi kunogoneka kwete chete kuburikidza nekuiswa kwenzvimbo itsva, asiwo nekuwedzera kushanda kwekare kushanda greenhouses.