Chii chinoitika pasi pevhu mumunda wechibage chiri nyore kufuratira, asi midzi yechibage chivakwa chinogona kuita basa rakakosha mukutora mvura nekudya kunovaka muviri, zvichikanganisa kusanaya kwemvura, kushandisa mvura zvakanaka, uye kusimba. Kana varimi vakakurudzira kuti midzi yechibage ikure ichidzika pamawere, chirimwa chaigona kuwana zviwanikwa zvakakosha zvakadzika muvhu.
Danho rokutanga pachinangwa ichocho kudzidza ma<em>gene anobatanidzwa mu<em>gravitropism, kukura kwemidzi maererano negiravhiti. Muchidzidzo chitsva chakabudiswa mu Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, University of Wisconsin masayendisiti, pamwe chete nevatsvakurudzi vepaYunivhesiti yeIllinois. cherechedza majini mana akadaro muchibage uye muenzaniso chirimwa Arabidopsis.
Kana mhodzi iri kumera ikatendeudzirwa padivi payo, mimwe midzi inoita kuerekana, kumawere kuenda kusimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, nepo imwe ichichinja zvishoma zvishoma nezvishoma. Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa nzira dzekuona dzemuchina kuti vaone misiyano isina kujeka mumidzi gravitropism muzviuru zvemadzinde uye vakasanganisa iyo data neruzivo rwemajini kune imwe neimwe. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaronga nzvimbo dzinogona kuitika dzegiravitropism genome.
Mepu yakaita kuti vaongorori vaende kunzvimbo chaiyo yegenome - matunhu emazana mashoma ejeni - asi ivo vaive vachiri kure kure nekuona chaiwo majini egiravitropism. Sezvineiwo, vaive nechokushandisa chaigona kubatsira.
“Nekuda kwekuti takanga tamboita kuyedza kumwe chete nechirimwa cheArabidopsis chiri kure, takakwanisa kuenzanisa majini mukati mematunhu akakodzera ejenome mumarudzi ese ari maviri. Miedzo yekutevera yakasimbisa kuzivikanwa kwemajini mana anoshandura midzi yegravitropism. Ruzivo rutsva runogona kutibatsira kunzwisisa kuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoumba sei midzi yezvivakwa," anodaro Edgar Spalding, purofesa muDhipatimendi reBotany paYunivhesiti yeWisconsin uye munyori anotungamira wechidzidzo ichi.
Matt Hudson, purofesa muDhipatimendi reCrop Sayenzi paYunivhesiti yeI Illinois uye munyori-munyori wekudzidza, anowedzera, "Takatarisa maitiro asina kuongororwa muchibage akakosha nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, kunyanya mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. . Uye takazviita nekuita kuti misiyano yemhindumupindu pakati pezvirimwa ishande kwatiri.”
Chibage neArabidopsis, kadiki kadiki kemasitadhi kakarondedzerwa nenyanzvi dzezviyo zvezvirimwa, zvakashanduka makore anosvika miriyoni zana nemakumi mashanu munhoroondo yekushanduka-shanduka. Hudson anotsanangura kuti kunyangwe zvipenyu zvese zviri zviviri zvichigovana mabasa echirimwa, majini anoadzora anogona kunge akasanganiswa mukati mejenome nekufamba kwenguva. Icho chinoshanduka kuva chinhu chakanaka chekudzikisa pasi zvakajairika majini.
Muzvipenyu zvine hukama hwepedyo, majini anowanzo kukwira muinenge yakafanana kurongeka mujenome (semuenzaniso, ABCDEF). Kunyangwe iwo majini mamwe chete anogona kunge aripo mumarudzi ane hukama kure, kurongeka kwemajini munharaunda iyo mepu yemaitiro haienderane (semuenzaniso, UGRBZ). Mushure mekunge vaongorori vaona pekutarisisa mugenome yega yega, kusawirirana kwemajini kutevedzana kwakaita kuti majini akajairwa (munyaya iyi B) abude.
"Ini ndaifunga kuti zvaive zvakanakisa kuti tizive majini atingadai tisina kuwana neimwe nzira nekungoenzanisa nguva dzejenomic mumarudzi asina hukama," anodaro Hudson. "Isu takanga tine chivimbo chekuti vaive iwo majini chaiwo pavakabuda muongororo iyi, asi boka raSpalding rakabva rapedza mamwe makore manomwe kana masere richiwana data rakasimba rebiological kuti vaone kuti vanoita, zvechokwadi, vanoita basa mugravitropism. Taita izvozvo, ndinofunga takasimbisa maitiro ese zvekuti mune ramangwana, unogona kushandisa nzira iyi kune akawanda akasiyana phenotypes. "
Spalding inocherekedza nzira yacho ingangove yakabudirira nekuti zviyero chaizvo zvakaitwa munzvimbo yakafanana.
"Kazhinji, vaongorori vechibage vanoyera maitiro avo ekufarira mumunda, nepo Arabidopsis vaongorori vanowanzosimudza zvirimwa zvavo mumakamuri ekukura," anodaro. "Takayera midzi ye gravitropism phenotype nenzira inodzorwa zvakanyanya. Mbeu idzi dzakarimwa mundiro yepetri, uye kuyedza kwakatora maawa mashoma, kusiyana nehunhu hwaungayera munyika chaiyo yakavhurika kune ese akasiyana. "
Kunyangwe kana hunhu huchigona kuyerwa munzvimbo yakafanana, hausi hunhu hwese hunoita vamiriri vakanaka veiyi nzira. Vatsvaguri vanosimbisa hunhu huri mubvunzo hunofanirwa kuve hwakakosha pakuita kwechirimwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti magene ekare aripo mumarudzi asina hukama.
"Gravitropism inogona kunyanya kunakidza kudzidza kuburikidza nenzira iyi nekuti ingadai yakave yakakosha kuhunyanzvi hwekutanga hwemapfuti nemidzi mushure mekubudirira kwekoloni," anodaro Spalding.
Hudson anocherekedza gravitropism ichave yakakosha kukoloni kune imwe nzvimbo, zvakare.
“NASA inofarira kurima mbesa kune mamwe mapuraneti kana muchadenga uye vanofanira kuziva kuti ndezvipi zvaunofanira kuuchika kuti uite izvi,” vanodaro. "Zvirimwa zvakasvibiswa zvakanaka pasina simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi."
Chinyorwa chinoti, "Leveraging orthology mukati mechibage uye Arabidopsis QTL kuona majini anokanganisa kusiyana kwechisikigo mugravitropism," chakaburitswa Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212199119]. Tsvagiridzo iyi yakatsigirwa neNational Science Foundation.
Dhipatimendi reCrop Sayenzi riri muKoreji yekurima, Consumer uye Environmental Sayenzi paYunivhesiti yeIllinois Urbana-Champaign.
Kunobva: https://www.sciencedaily.com