Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kweUN, panosvika gore ra2050 68% yevagari vepasi vachagara mumaguta. Izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwevanhu vanoda kuita zvekurima huchadzikira. Asi pane nzira yekubuda nayo: matekinoroji emazuva ano anobvumidza iwe kukura ma berries, miriwo, herbs uye howa chero kupi - kunyangwe mune yakasiiwa metro tunnels uye pamatenga e skyscrapers. Plus-one.ru - nezvekuti kurima kwemaguta kuri kukura sei.
Mapurazi emuguta akati fananei nemaraibhurari uye anobvumidza iwe kuti uise huwandu hwakanyanya hwembeu munzvimbo shoma.
Vertical kurima
Vertical city mapurazi ari automated agro-industrial complexes. Mibhedha yakarongedzwa pamaraki anokosha, saka purazi inotora nzvimbo shoma. Inogona kuiswa zvose kunze uye mukati.
Mapurazi emuguta akagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kwegore rose. Varidzi vadzo havafanire kutya kuti goho racho richadyiwa netumbuyu kana kuti nekuda kwekushaya mvura, michero yacho inovava. Maitiro ese akakosha anodzorwa neotomatiki control program. Sensors tarisa mamiriro ezvidyarwa nevhu, software ine basa rekuchengetedza yakaringana tembiricha, kuvheneka, kufefetedza uye kugara uchidiridza, uye hungwaru hwekugadzira hunofanotaura goho.
Zvirimwa mupurazi reguta hazvidi ivhu: vanowana zvese zvavanoda kubva kune zvinovaka muviri mhinduro inoenda kumidzi. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo midzi inogona kuwanikwa mune substrate, semuenzaniso, mune yakawedzera ivhu, kokonati fiber, peat, kana kungorembera mumhepo. Zvirimwa zvakawanda zvinogona kurimwa mumaguta greenhouses: girinhi, lettuce, bhero mhiripiri uye chilipi mhiripiri, eggplants, sitiroberi. Tomate nemagaka zvinonyanya kuoma kurima - zvinotora nzvimbo yakawanda. Uye zvirimwa zvemidzi, zvakadai sembatatisi kana makarotsi, hazvikuri zvachose mumapurazi eguta.
Kune vatengi vemazuva ano, magreenhouse emaguta ave nzira yekuwana zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari "kubva kubindu"
Guta Farm Farm Market Kukura Maitiro
Imwe yemapurazi ekutanga ekutengeserana vertical yakaonekwa muSingapore muna 2012. Nharaunda yechitsuwa ichi ine vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 5.5 inongova 733 square kilometers, iduku nekatatu kupfuura Moscow (tichifunga nezveNew Moscow), saka dzakawanda. - mibhedha ine mibhedha yakakurumidza kuva yakakurumbira ipapo.
Kurima kwemadhorobha kuri kusimukira mune dzimwe nyika dzepasi. Saka, lettuce uye magirini anorimwa mupasi pevhu bunkers muLondon, uye howa anorimwa mumatavi akasiiwa enzira yepasi. Iyo yakakura purazi reguta reRussia riri kuvakwa muYekaterinburg neAgrotechnopharm. Anopfuura 95 matani emastrawberries pagore acharimwa panzvimbo inosvika 1 chiuru square metres. m. Pakazosvika 2027, kambani inoronga kuvaka 49 mamwe mapurazi akadaro mumaguta akasiyana eRussia.
Kune vatengi vemazuva ano, magreenhouse emaguta ave nzira yekuwana "yakatwasuka kubva kubindu" zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari zvakatipoteredza zvakarimwa pasina mishonga yezvipembenene uye zvinodzivirira. Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kwekambani yekuAmerica yekubvunzana Grand View Research, panosvika 2028 musika wepasi rose wemapurazi eguta uchasvika madhora 21.15 bhiriyoni nekuwedzera kwegore kwe23.6%.
Kuwedzera kwekudiwa kuchafambiswa kwete chete nekufarira chikafu chekudya, asiwo nekudziya kwepasirese. Vanodzidza nezvemamiriro ekunze kubva kuFinland vanotenda kuti goho richadzikira mu30% yematunhu ekurima epasi, uye mamwe masitendi achave asina kukodzera kurima zvirimwa zvachose. Saka, munharaunda yeRussia kune anenge 100 miriyoni mahekita epasi pasi pekuita gwenga, uye nzvimbo yeSahara yakawedzera ne10% muzana ramakore rapfuura.
Mapurazi emuguta anobhadhara zvakapetwa kaviri nekukurumidza semagreenhouses
Cons uye misungo
MuRussia, kurima kweguta kuchangotanga kukura, saka mikana yekusangana nemakwikwi epamusoro ishoma. Asi usati watanga kuronga mibhedha yakawanda, zvakakosha kufunga nezve anotevera nuances:
Mari yakakosha mari inodiwa. Kuiswa kwekukura microgreens kumba kunodhura 10-40 zviuru zveRubles, uye purazi rakamira rekushandisa kutengeserana nenzvimbo ye100-120 square metres. m - 700-800 zviuru rubles . Asi mari yacho haigumiri ipapo. Iyo sisitimu inoshandisa magetsi akawanda uye inoda kugara ichigadziriswa. Iwe zvakare uchafanirwa kubhadhara kushandisa software - anenge zana rubles pamwedzi wega wega sikweya mita ye "mibhedha".
Zvipembenene, zvakadai sebumblebees, zvinotarisirwa kusvibisa zvimwe zvirimwa. Kana iwe uchigadzira purazi pedyo nezvivako zvekugara, unofanirwa kuchenjerera kuti varege kubhururuka kunze kwehwindo uye vagare pamhanza yevavakidzani.
Padenga Kurima
Urban greenhouses dziri kuonekwawo pamatenga ezvivakwa zvakakwirira mumaguta makuru. Semuenzaniso, purazi rine nzvimbo ye 14 zviuru square metres yakavhurwa padenga rePorte de Versailles nzvimbo yekuratidzira muParis. Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinoshandiswa pakubika muresitorendi yemunharaunda. Zvinopfuura makumi matanhatu emhando dzezvirimwa zvinokura padenga rechitoro muBrussels, uye kambani yeBrooklyn Grange yakashongedza mapurazi eguta nenzvimbo ye60 mahekita pamatenga eNew York uye gore negore inounganidza zvinopfuura matani makumi mana nemana ezvigadzirwa kubva kwavari.
MuRussia, vakatanga kushandisa matenga edzimba kugadzira nzvimbo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika muMoscow - meadow uswa, maruva, shrubs uye kunyange miti inokura pano pahurefu hweziso reshiri. Mapindu akadaro haadi kudiridza - ane mvura inonaya yakakwana. Zvichida munguva pfupi mapurazi achaonekwa pamatenga edzimba dzeRussia.
Muna 2009, vanamuzvinabhizimusi veku UK vakauya nezano rekurima howa Grocery ndokutanga kudzidzisa vanhu nezvebhizimusi iri.
Mushroom Farm
Howa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekurima kwemaguta: haidi kupisa kwakanyanya uye chiedza, izvo zvinoreva kuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi kuchave kushoma. Inenge chero kamuri yakakodzera, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzekupaka dzakasiiwa, matura, dzimba dzekugara mabhomba, dzimba dzepasi. Saka, kambani yeGrocery kubva kuUK inorima howa hweoyster pauriri hwechitatu hwechivakwa chehofisi chakajairika pamabhegi akamiswa kubva pamatanda esimbi. Nzvimbo dzehuswa nekofi dzinoshandiswa se substrate, iyo vashandi veGrocery vanotora kubva kumashopu ekofi emuno svondo rega rega. Mukamuri ye 20 sq. M. m 75 kg yehowa hweoyster inokura svondo rega rega. Varimi vanoaunganidza uye pakarepo vanoendesa kune vatengi.
Kurima kweguta sechinhu chekusimudzira nharaunda yemaguta mune pfungwa yekusimudzira
Kukura zvirimwa mumapurazi emuguta kunochengetedza zviwanikwa. Kushandiswa kwemvura kunoderedzwa kusvika 95%, uye kushandiswa kwevhu kunoderedzwa kusvika 99%. Mukuwedzera, nzira iyi haidi kurapwa kwezvirimwa nemishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga yesora, fungicides. Uye nekuda kwenzira pfupi kubva ku "bindu kuenda kune iyo counter", iyo carbon footprint yezvigadzirwa inoderedzwa. Zvese izvi zvinotiswededza pedyo nekuzadzisa SDG 11 - "Kuona kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza kwemaguta nekugara kwevanhu".
Mapurazi emuguta anogona kubatsira mukurwisa kuparadzwa kwemasango. Purofesa wehutano hweveruzhinji uye microbiology paColumbia University Dixon Despomier akacherekedza kuti kana varimi vakagadzira 10% yechikafu munzvimbo yemaguta, izvi zvinobvumidza gore rega rega kuburitsa zviuru makumi matatu nemana emakiromita enzvimbo dzekurima kuti vadzore masango.
Chimwe chinangwa chekurima gadheni mumaguta kubvisa nzara. Mune dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira dzemuAfrica, kune matunhu mashoma akakodzera kurima. Panguva imwe cheteyo, chiverengero chavagari vapasi chiri kuramba chichiwedzera, uye pamwe chete nacho chiverengero chavanhu vakatarisana nenzara. Kurongeka kwemapurazi eguta kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, pamwe nekugadzira mamwe mabasa.
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