#UNexpert #greenfarming #smartagriculture #cropprotection #sustainableagriculture #technologyinagriculture
Sechikamu chechirongwa cheFAO "Smart Farming for Future Generations," nyanzvi yeUnited Nations mukushandiswa kweagrochemical yakaita dzidziso yekurima kwegreenhouse muFergana. Kudzidziswa kwakanangana nekutonga kwakadzama kwezvipembenene nezvirwere mukurima kwegreenhouse, kusimbisa maitiro anogara aripo uye kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora maonero akakosha akagovanwa panguva yekudzidziswa uye zvazvingaite mukusimudzira kurima.
Muchikamu chekudzidzisa chakaitwa muFergana nguva pfupi yadarika, vatori vechikamu vangangosvika makumi mashanu vakatora chikamu muchirongwa chedzidzo pamusoro penzira dzekurima dzegreenhouse chaitungamirwa nenyanzvi yeUN ine mukurumbira. Dzidzo iyi yakarongwa pasi pechirongwa cheFAO che“Smart Farming for Future Generations,” chakanangana nekusimudzira tsika dzekurima nemaitiro matsva ekuchengetedza goho.
Nyanzvi iyi yakagovana ruzivo rwekurwisa zvipembenene zvichibva pane zvakaitika kune dzimwe nyika. Achisimbisa kukosha kwekufunga nezvemafambiro ekukura, kuenzana, uye kuwirirana pakati pezvinomera, tumbuyu, tupukanana, uye zvinovaka muviri, akasimbisa kudiwa kwenzira yekudzivirira inochengetedza zvirimwa ichichengetedza nharaunda.
Parizvino, zvakakosha kurima zvinomera zvinopokana nezvirwere uye zvipembenene, uku uchibvumira nharaunda kuti iitezve nega, pasina kupindira kwevanhu. Nyanzvi iyi yakasimbisa kukosha kwekuderedza kuvimba nefotereza nemishonga yezvipembenene panguva imwe chete ichiwedzera goho. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuti vatengi vanogona kuwana chikafu chine hutano uku vachideredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari.
Kuti zvizadzise zvinangwa izvi, nyanzvi yakaronga kutorwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvekuvharisa zvekurima greenhouse, senge polyethylene mafirimu ane akakosha ekuwedzera anoyera 180-200 microns muukobvu. Izvi zvinowedzera zvine simba rekutora ultraviolet mwaranzi, kuwedzera kusimba kwefirimu, uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemadonhwe emvura mukati meiyo greenhouse.
Nekuda kwekutonhodza, nyanzvi yakakurudzira kushandisa shading nets panzvimbo yezvino tsika yekupfapfaidza ivhu. Pamusoro pezvo, kuiswa kwemisungo nemambure eumhutu kunogona kuvandudza kutenderera kwemhepo mukati megreenhouse.
Uyezve, nyanzvi yeUN yakakurudzira varimi veUzbek kuti vaise machira ekuvharisa pasi mudzimba dzegreenhouse. Akasimbisawo kukosha kwekubvisa zvakatenderedza masora uye kushandisa maviri-gonhi masisitimu ekurwisa zvinobudirira kusvibiswa kwebhakitiriya.
Nyanzvi yakakurudzira kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwedhijitari mukurima kwegreenhouse. Semuenzaniso, kuiswa kwemasensor ekutarisa kunyorova kwevhu, mwero wemwaranzi yezuva, hunyoro, uye tembiricha yemhepo, pamwe chete nesoftware yakakodzera, zvaizogonesa kutonga kure kwemamiriro ekunze uye masisitimu ekudiridza, kunyangwe kuburikidza nenharembozha.
Chikamu chekudzidzisa chakapa ruzivo rwakakosha uye nhungamiro inoshanda kune nyanzvi dzezvekurima kubva kuAKIS Center yeAgricultural Knowledge and Services mudunhu reFergana. Vamiriri kubva kuPlant Quarantine uye Dziviriro Agency, Fergana State University, uye Andijan Research Experimental Station yeVegetable neMelon Crops uye Mbatata vakapindawo.
Maonero akagoverwa nenyanzvi yeUN panguva yekudzidziswa ane mukana wekuvandudza maitiro ekurima kwegreenhouse muFergana nekumhiri. Nekusimudzira nzira dzekuchengetedza zvipembenene nekuchengetedza goho, varimi vanogona kuderedza kuvimba kwavo nemakemikari anokuvadza, kuchengetedza zviwanikwa, uye kuwedzera kunaka nekuchengetedzeka kwegoho ravo. Iko kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwedhijitari kunowedzera simba kune varimi kuti vagone kurima kwavo uye nekuwedzera goho.
Kugamuchirwa kweaya matekiniki epamusoro uye hurongwa idanho rakakosha rekuwana kurima kwakasimba, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, uye kudzikisira kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakabatana nemaitiro ekurima akajairwa.
Dzidzo yenyanzvi yeUN pamusoro pekurimwa kwegreenhouse muFergana yakaratidza kukosha kwemaitiro ekurima akasimba, kutonga kwakanaka kwezvipembenene, uye kubatanidza tekinoroji. Nekugamuchira nzira idzi, varimi vanogona kusimudzira goho, kuderedza njodzi kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kupa vatengi chikafu chine hutano. Ruzivo runowanikwa kubva mukudzidziswa uku ruchabatsira mukusimudzira kurimwa kwegreenhouse uye kusimudzira kwese kwechikamu chezvekurima mudunhu.