Nyanzvi dzinobva kuRussian online recruiting platform hh.ru dzakaongorora zvinopfuura zviuru makumi matatu nezvitanhatu zvevashandi zvakatumirwa nemakambani mundima yekurima ndokuona kuti ndeapi nyanzvi dzinoda indasitiri, imarii yavanoda kubhadhara, uye zvipi zvinobatsira vashandi vane kodzero.
Kubva pakutanga kwegore, makambani eRussia akabatana neindasitiri yezvekurima akaisa anopfuura 36,000 vacancies pahh.ru. Iyi ndiyo 20% kupfuura muna 2021. Chikumbiro chepamusoro chevashandi vatsva chakanyorwa muMoscow (10% yemabasa mumhizha), Krasnodar Territory (8%), Voronezh uye Rostov Regions (8% uye 6% maererano).
Matunhu epamusoro nechikamu chevacancies muAgriculture.png
Zvizhinji zvezvose, makambani eRussia, achitarisa nhamba yezvinzvimbo mubazi rezvekurima, kushaya maneja ekutengesa (6% yezvinzvimbo muna Chikunguru), agronomists (4%), vatyairi (4%), veterinarians, locksmiths, mechanics, accountant, mitsara yekugadzira, vashandi vemaoko, vatengesi (3% yezvinzvimbo mubasa rega rega), machinists, packers, vanogadzira mapurogiramu, vatengi, nyanzvi dzezvipfuyo, vatengesi vezvitoro, technologists, economists (2% imwe neimwe).
Iye zvino vashandirwi vekurima vanopa vashandi venguva yemberi, paavhareji, kusvika ku45 zviuru zveRubles. Uyezve, kushanda mune akati wandei hunyanzvi mune zvekurima kunotobatsira zvakanyanya kupfuura mune mamwe hunyanzvi, asi mune mamwe maindasitiri. Saka, nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi mune zvekurima dzakagadzirira kubhadhara kusvika ku50 zviuru zveRubles, uye kazhinji, vashandirwi vanopa kusvika 46 zviuru rubles pamusika wevashandi. Musiyano wemihoro yevanjiniya vekugadzira unogona kusvika zviuru gumi zveRubles uchifarira chikamu chekurima, mamiriro akafanana ari munzvimbo dzevatengesi vekutengesa (musiyano uri zviuru gumi nezvishanu zveRubles), munzvimbo dzekutenga maneja (kusvika zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu rubles).
Kwebasa rakareba mune zvekurima, imwe mubhadharo inotangwa - 25% yemubhadharo wakagadziriswa kupensheni yeinishuwarenzi. Isu tinoudza rudzi rwemvumo iyo uye ndiani anogona kuvimba nayo. Iyi imvumo yevasinga shandi vepenjeni vakashanda kumaruwa kwenguva yakareba. Kuwanda kwekuwedzera kwemwedzi ndeye 25% yebhadharo yakagadziriswa kune penjeni yeinishuwarenzi. Iyo yakagadziriswa kubhadhara pachayo inogara ichiwedzerwa, saka iyo premium iri kukura zvakare. Kubva June 1, 2022, iri 1805 rubles 19 kopecks pamwedzi.
Kuti ugamuchire mvumo, unofanirwa kunyorera kuFIU nechikumbiro. Pakutanga, nyanzvi dzePension Fund dzakatarisa kutevedzera kweanonyorera nemamiriro anotevera:
- Mudyandigere asingashandi anogara kumaruwa.
-Anosvika makumi matatu ekarenda makore echiitiko chebasa mukurima, uyezve, nechinzvimbo uye hunyanzvi, izvo zvinopa kodzero yekumisikidza yakawedzera huwandu hwekubhadhara kwakatemwa kune inishuwarenzi penjeni. Rondedzero iyi inosanganisira anopfuura mazana mashanu maprofessionals: agronomists, machine operators, nyuchi, etc.
Kunze kweiyo nguva yebasa muRussia kusvika Ndira 1, 1992 mumapurazi akaungana, muchina uye zviteshi zvetirakita, mapurazi ehurumende uye mamwe mabhizinesi ekurima. Inosanganisirwa mune yekumaruwa ruzivo pasina kutarisa kutevedzera nehunyanzvi, hunyanzvi kana chinzvimbo. Mukuwedzera, kusvika kumakore matanhatu ebasa anogona kuverengerwa kwenguva yekuchengeta mwana kusvika kumakore 1.5. Asi mubereki mumwe chete anogona kuita izvi, kwete vese.
Gore rapfuura, maererano neFIU, vanenge 900,000 vanhu vakatora mukana uyu. Asi kubva muna Ndira 1, 2022, pachinzvimbo cheMutungamiriri, denderedzwa revakagamuchira mari yacho rakawedzerwa. Hapasisina chinodiwa kuti ugare kumaruwa. Zvirokwazvo, kazhinji vanhu vakura vanotamira kuguta kunogara nehama dzokunyama kana kuti kugara kwavo kunobatanidzwa munharaunda yeguta rinokura. Kare, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mudyandigere akarasikirwa nekodzero yekuwedzera, ikozvino yakachengetedzwa. Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu ekugamuchira bhonasi anoenderera mberi kushanda.