Resistant Varieties Kuburitswa Gare gare Gore rino kune Varimi
Strawberry kurasikirwa kubva fusarium wilt inogona kusanyanya kutyisidzira mushure mekunge vaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Davis, vawana majini anoshingirira kuchirwere chinouraya chinoparadzirwa nevhu.
Zvakawanikwa, zvakabudiswa mumagazini Theoretical uye Applied Genetics, ndiwo magumo ebasa remakore akati wandei, uye kuwanikwa kuchabatsira kudzivirira kubva mukurasikirwa nechirwere, akadaro Steve Knapp, director we. Strawberry Breeding Program kuUC Davis.
"Zvataita pano zvakakosha uye zvakakosha kuindasitiri uye zvichachengetedza varimi," akadaro Knapp.
Strawberries chirimwa chakakosha muCalifornia, uko anenge 1.8 bhiriyoni mapaundi emichero inovaka muviri inokura gore rega rega, ichiita ingangoita 88% yezvinokohwewa muUnited States.
Kuwana majini kwaigona kudzivirira a fusarium wilt denda.
"Chirwere ichi chatanga kuoneka kakawanda kumusoro nekudzika pasi," akadaro Glenn Cole, muchengeti uye maneja wemunda neStrawberry Breeding Program. “Kana muvava wapinda, chirimwa chinongopunzika. Iwe une kufa zvachose."
Kutsvaga kuramba
UC Davis masayendisiti akaongorora zviuru zvezvidyarwa zvemastrawberry muCollege of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences' nursery ndokutora DNA samples. Vakabva vashandisa genetic screening uye vakagadzira DNA diagnostics kuti vaone majini anopokana nemujaho wekutanga we fusarium kuda.
"Majini anga achitenderera mu sitiroberi germplasm kwezviuru zvemakore," Cole akadaro, asi hapana akashanda kuti azvizive.
Uku kusimukira kwazvino kunounza "strawberry muzana ramakore rechi21 maererano nekugadzirisa dambudziko iri," akadaro Knapp.
Kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvemangwana
Iri basa rinoreva kuti varimi vanogona kuunza iyo isingachinjiki mumhando dzemastrawberry dzeramangwana. Kudonha uku chirongwa chichaburitsa mbesa itsva dzine fusarium wilt resistance gene. Uye maturusi ekuongorora eDNA achabatsira varimi kupindura kune zvitsva fusarium wilt akasiyana anokura.
"Pachave nekutyisidzira kutsva uye tinoda kuvagadzirira," akadaro Knapp. "Tinoda kunzwisisa kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei mumastrawberries kuitira kuti kana kutyisidzira kutsva kuchibuda, tinogona kuzvigadzirisa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira."
“Kana usina fusarium kuramba, wapedza," Cole akadaro. "Chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chiripo kupfuura zvaunofunga."
fusarium wilt haisati yagara iri nyaya, asi pakabviswa fumigant methyl bromide muna 2005, zvinhu zvakachinja. Chirwere ichi chaive muvhu, uye pasina mupfudze, kusvava kwakawedzera, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina kutenderedzwa mbesa.
Kubereka mhando itsva
Knapp naCole vakazivisa indasitiri nezvemhando dzazvino dzemastrawberry dzinopikisa kuti vakwanise kusarudza zvirimwa zvine dziviriro iyoyo. Idzo mhando nyowani dzinopesana dzinobuda gare gare gore rino dzichave dzakakodzera mwaka wakawanda wekukura.
"Chinhu chikuru," Cole akadaro. "Zvese zviri kuwedzera mukuuchika zvirimwa, asi chinhu chikuru."
Masayendisiti ezvekudyara anga achibereka mastrawberries kuUC Davis kubva kuma1930s, uye vakaburitsa marudzi anopfuura makumi matanhatu ane patented kuburikidza nechirongwa chekuberekesa veruzhinji.
Basa rese rakaitika kuUC Davis. Dominique Pincot, Mitchell Feldmann, Mishi Vachev, Marta Bjornson, Alan Rodriguez, Randi Famula naGitta Coaker kubva kuDhipatimendi reScience Sciences, naThomas Gordon weDhipatimendi rePlant Pathology vakabatsira mukutsvagisa, sezvakaita Michael Hardigan naPeter Henry, avo. vava kuUS Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, uye Nicholas Cobo, ari paYunivhesiti yeLa Frontera kuChile.
Tsvagiridzo iyi yakatsigirwa neUC Davis uye magrants kubva kuUSDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative.
Kunobva: https://www.ucdavis.edu