Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora maziviro, kudzivirira, uye mabatirwo ezvipembenene munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa ivhu. Tichitora mucherechedzo kubva kuGlavagronom, inzvimbo yekurima ine mukurumbira, tinoongorora twupukanana tunokanganisa kurimwa kwevhu rakachengetedzwa uye kukurukura nzira dzinoshanda dzekurwisa zvipembenene. Ziva kuti varimi, maagronomists, mainjiniya ezvekurima, varidzi vemapurazi, uye vesainzi vanogona kuchengetedza sei zvirimwa zvavo uye nekuwedzera kugadzirwa mumasisitimu evhu akachengetedzwa.
Nzvimbo dzevhu dzakadzivirirwa dzinopa mamiriro akanaka ekukura kwembesa, asi hadzina kudzivirirwa kune zvipembenene. Ichi chinyorwa chine chinangwa chekujekesa matambudziko anokonzerwa netumbuyu mukurimwa kwevhu rakachengetedzwa uye chinopa mazano anoshanda ekudzivirira nekutarisira kwadzo.
Zvipembenene zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa zvirimwa munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa ivhu. Glavagronom inozivisa zvimwe zvinowanzoitika, zvinosanganisira hove, thrips, whiteflies, spider mite, uye zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotakura ivhu. Zvipembenene izvi zvinogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kukuru, zvichikonzera kuderera kwegoho uye kukanganisa kunaka kwechirimwa.
Kuti tikwanise kubata zvipembenene muvhu rakachengetedzwa, maitiro ekubatanidza zvipembenene (IPM) akakosha. IPM inosanganisira musanganiswa wematanho ekudzivirira, tsika nemagariro, kudzora zvipenyu, uye, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, kuiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene. Kugara uchiongorora uye kuongorora mbesa kwakakosha pakukurumidza kuona zvipembenene, zvichibvumira kupindira panguva nekudzivirira kuputika.
Tsika dzechivanhu dzine basa guru mukudzivirira zvipembenene. Kutenderedza mbesa, kushambidzika kwehutsanana, uye kuchengetedza mamiriro ekukura akakodzera, setembiricha nehunyoro, zvinobatsira kugadzira nzvimbo isina kunaka yezvipembenene. Kuita zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri, senge zvidzitiro kana mambure, zvinogonawo kushanda mukusasanganisa tupukanana munzvimbo dzinokura dzakadzivirirwa.
Kudzora zvipenyu zvinhu zvakakosha pakudzora tumbuyu mugadziriro dzevhu dzakachengetedzwa. Zvipembenene zvinobatsira, senge mite inodya, ladybugs, uye parasitic wasps, zvinogona kuunzwa kudzora twupukanana. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwebiopesticides kunobva kune tupukanana tunoitika kunopa imwe nzvimbo ine hushamwari kune makemikari emishonga.
Kana huwandu hwezvipembenene hwadarika mukana wekukuvadzwa kwehupfumi, kuiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kungave kuri madikanwa. Zvakakosha kutevedzera kurudziro yenyanzvi dzezvekurima uye kutevedzera zvakachengeteka uye zvine chekuita nekushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Mukupedzisa, zvipembenene zvinounza dambudziko rakakura mukurimwa kwevhu rakachengetedzwa. Kuburikidza nekugamuchirwa kwemaitiro akabatanidzwa ekuchengetedza zvipembenene, kusanganisira matanho ekudzivirira, tsika dzetsika, kudzora zvipenyu, uye zvakanangwa kushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, varimi nenyanzvi dzekurima vanogona kubata zvipembenene nemazvo uye kuve nechokwadi chekubudirira uye kusimba kwezvirimwa zvavo muhurongwa hwevhu hwakachengetedzwa.
Tags: Agriculture, Protected Soil, Pest Management, Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Pest Identification, Cultural Practices, Biological Controls, Kudzivirira Zvipembenene, Pest Scouting, Pesticide Applications.
Reference: Kwakabva