Mazuva ano, organic miriwo yave rudzi rwemhando yepamusoro. Wese munhu anobatikana chaizvo nekurima organic, nekudaro achiramba nitrate nemakemikari. Uye kudiwa kwemiriwo yakakura mumagreenhouses kuri kukura mumisika. Asi kunewo avo vanotenda kuti madomasi nemagaka ari mugreenhouse anodyiswawo ne "chemistry", uye haana kufefeterwa nemamineral. Dare rekunyora resangano renhau "Chechnya Nhasi" pamwe chete nemukuru weDhipatimendi re "Agrotechnology" yeChechen State University yakatumidzwa zita reAA Kadyrov Nurbek Adaev vakafunga kuti ndizvo zvazviri uye chii chakanakira miriwo inorimwa mukati. greenhouse mamiriro.
Greenhouses yechizvarwa cheIV
MuChechen Republic, mapurojekiti akati wandei ane chinangwa chekuvandudza nharaunda nekuvandudza mhando yezvigadzirwa zvemiriwo akagadzirwa uye akaiswa pahwaro hweTechnopark yeAA Kadyrov CHSU. Saka, kunyanya, chirongwa chiri kuitwa kugadzira tekinoroji yekuvandudza kabhoni chikafu chematomatisi nemagaka munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa pasi.
Zvinangwa zvepurojekiti zvinosanganisira: kusarudza iyo yakanyanyisa (chikumbaridzo) yezvinodiwa zvemadomasi uye cucumber zvinomera mune carbohydrate-ine kugadzirisa mhinduro; kuona iyo yakakwana kuumbwa kweiyo organic acids yemhinduro yekugadzirisa, kuitira kuderedza kubuda kwemakhahydrates (plastiki zvinhu) zvechirimwa chipenyu chinobatanidzwa mukuumbwa kwechirimwa uye kuona kuwirirana pakati pezviyero zvakadzidzwa uye goho rematomatisi uye magaka.
Vanyori uye vatariri vepurojekiti vanofanira kuverenga kuwirirana pakati pezviyero zvakadzidzwa uye goho rematomatisi nemagaka akarimwa mumamiriro evhu akadzivirirwa kune yega yega greenhouse complex.
Sekureva kwemukuru weDhipatimendi re "Agrotechnology" yeChSU Nurbek Adaev, yevhu rakachengetedzwa, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kunosanganisira kushandiswa kweazvino kubudirira kwesainzi uye maitiro akanaka.
"High-tech greenhouses echizvarwa cheIV kana V ari kuiswa mukushanda nesimba pasi rose," nyanzvi inodaro. - Chii chinonzi IV chizvarwa greenhouses chinorevei? Iyi hydroponics - zvese zviri pamhinduro uye hapana nyika. Zvinhu zvose zvehupenyu hwezvirimwa zvinogadziriswa: chiedza, humidity, tembiricha. Carbon dioxide inopiwa nemaoko.”
Zvese zvakakosha
Maererano nenyanzvi, mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu pane kushayikwa kana kuwandisa kwechimwe chinhu. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinodikanwa kushandisa optimizing zvese zvikamu.
“Chirimwa, chakafanana nemunhu nemhuka, chinofema. Rinofema nguva yese richiri mhenyu. Iyo peculiarity yezvirimwa, kusiyana nechinhu chipenyu, ndechekuti ivo vari autotrophic - vanozvidyisa ivo nekutora chiedza chezuva uye kushandisa mvura uye oksijeni kuumba organic zvinhu kubva kune zvipenyu zvicherwa zvikamu. Mukuita photosynthesis, zvinhu zvose zvakakosha zvikuru, "N. Adaev anoti.
Chimwe chezvinhu izvi ndechekudya kwekabhoni. Mhepo ine inenge 400 - 420 ppm - ichi chiratidzo chehuwandu hwe CO2. Iyo yakakwana ppm index yeyakadzika photosynthesis ndeye 850 - 1000.
"Takaita tsvakiridzo yedu," anodaro Nurbek Adayev. - Iyo greenhouse yakakamurwa kuita mashanu ari ega makamuri. Uye isu takakwanisa kudzora mune mamwe maitiro e CO5. Uye takaona kuti kuwedzera kwezinga re CO2 kunowedzera goho. Mwaranzi yezuva, mvura, uye tembiricha zvinobatanidzwawo mukuita kwephotosynthesis. Zvakanaka, zvakasikwa chlorophyll igirini pigment muzvirimwa inokwanisa kutora simba iri uye mukuita kwe biochemical reaction inoumba organic zvinhu kubva kune inorganic zvinhu. Takagadzira hurongwa uye ikozvino tinoda kuburitsa patent. "
Greenhouses - zvakaipa ingano
Dzimwe nhengo dzenzanga dzichiri kufunga kuti miriwo nemadomasi "zvakadyiswa" nemakemikari zvinorimwa mumagreenhouse. Zvinonzi, ivo vanoputirwa zuva nezuva nezvinhu zvinokuvadza kuitira kuti vawedzere chimiro uye vape miriwo kutarisa kwakanaka. Nyanzvi inopokana zvachose neizvi.
"Kutaura zvinyoro, izvi hazvina kunaka. Ndingatoti izvi hazvina kunaka,” akadaro. - Mu-high-tech greenhouses pasi rose uye, kunyanya, muChechen Republic, matanho ose ekudzivirira miriwo kubva kune zvipembenene nezvirwere zvinodzivirira chete muzvisikwa. Biologics ndiyo inoshandiswa, kwete makemikari. "
Mumamiriro egreenhouse, simiti inochengetwa munzvimbo yekuvandudza yayo yakakwirira yekudzivirira. Chimiro chakadaro chinogona kurwisa chero chirwere.
"MuChechen Republic, kunyanya pahwaro hweYugagroholdin greenhouse complex, miriwo chete yepamusoro inokura," N. Adaev anosimbisa. - Isu tiri kuyedza kugadzira organic chigadzirwa - eco-chigadzirwa. Ndosaka tichitora nzvimbo dzinoremekedzwa dzekutanga muRussia maererano nemhando. "
Iwo matekinoroji akasiyana, nzira yacho yakafanana
Mumagreenhouses eCzech Republic, kunyanya zvirimwa zviviri zvinorimwa: madomasi nemagaka. Kuedza kwakasarudzika kwakaitwa paeggplant, green leaf lettuce uye mhiripiri. Kune matomatisi anokura mazuva 365 pagore, uye kune anoda makore. Semuenzaniso, mamwe marudzi emadomasi anokura kwemakore matatu.
“Michina yekurima yakasiyana, asi nzira yacho ndeyekurongeka. Kana iwe ukaona chiyero chezvinhu zvinodiwa, ipapo iwe unogona kuwana iyo yakanyanya kukosha, - nyanzvi inotenda. -Yunivhesiti yedu yanga ichishanda pachirongwa chekugadzirisa zvinovaka muviri zvigadziriso zvekuberekana kwemeristemic. Iri ibasa guru kwazvo, basa guru resainzi. Isu takagadzira optimization yezvinovaka muviri zvigadziriso zvekuberekana kwemaserura mazambiringa, sitiroberi uye michero uye bheri zvirimwa. Mhinduro dzakagadziridzwa, dzakagadziridzwa pahomoni uye vhitamini hwaro. Mamiriro ezvinhu akakosha anodiwa kuita chipenyu kubva musero. Vesainzi vakagadzira nharaunda dzekuberekesa. Isu takaagadzirisa uye panguva imwe chete takawana chikamu chepamusoro chekupona kwemasero aya, zvakanaka, kuberekana. Izvi zvakare budiriro huru. "
Iyo tekinoroji yakagadziridzwa ikozvino yakashandiswa zvinobudirira pahwaro hweiyo greenhouse complex "Yugagroholding". Chiitiko chacho chakashandiswawo mu greenhouse complex ye LLC "Rodina".
"Vadzidzi vedu, vanoona zvese izvi, vanoedza kushandisa ruzivo rwedu," Nurbek Adayev akapedzisa.
Isu tinowedzera kuti greenhouse complex "Yugagroholding" iri pa8.99 hectares yenyika. Iyo greenhouse inoshandisa assimilation lighting system (yakawedzera kuvhenekera system), nekuda kwekuti kurimwa kwemiriwo kwegore rose kunoitwa. A 110/10 kV transformer substation yakavakwa, 110 kV yega simba tambo ine kureba kwe18.33 km. Zvese zvekutaurirana zveinjiniya, kusanganisira zvekuchengetedza, zvakaunzwa, matsime akacherwa nekuiswa kweshongwe dzemvura.
Kunobva: https://chechnyatoday.com