Izvo zvakakosha kuitisa mvura uye zvinovaka mhinduro mhinduro inoongorora nguva dzose kuona hydroponic madomasi ari kugamuchira iwo akaenzana mwero wehutano.
Kuita shuwa kuti madomasi ane hydroponically-akakura anowana mwero wakakwana wehutano kunoda kuyedzwa mhinduro dzemvura uye zvinovaka muviri. Varimi vanodawo kuona kuti michina yemadiridziro iri kuunza huwandu hwakanatsa hwefetiraiza. Matanho ezvehutano anofanirwa kuongororwa uye kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nedanho rekukura kwezvirimwa, mwaka, mwenje mwenje uye mhando yemadomasi.
"Pakushandisa fetiraiza kumuti wakarimwa muvhu kana munzvimbo isina ivhu, chinangwa ndechekufananidza kutorwa kwehutano hwechirimwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira nemari yakapihwa sefetiraiza" (Mary Peet, USDA, Dhipatimendi reMiti Yezvirimwa- Kugadzira, 2005). "Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekudaro, asi chikonzero chakakosha kudzivirira mafetereza ayo ari kutotiza mari." Kune varimi vane open irrigation system izvi zvinonyanya kukuvadza. Munzira yakavharirwa yemadiridziro, fetereza yakawandisa inodzoreredzwa mushure mekurapwa kwemvura.
Muenzaniso wemvura ongororo
Izvo zvakakosha kuti ugare uchiita yekudiridza mvura uye inogadzirisa mhinduro (mvura + mafetiraiza) ongororo. Hunhu hwemvura yemadiridziro kubva mutsime, dhamu kana masisitimendi system inofanirwa kutarisirwa usati waita chero chirongwa cherudzi. Makumi akakosha evarimi vanofanirwa kuziva anosanganisira: mvura yemagetsi kuitisa (EC), mvura pH, sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) kana uchishandisa sosi yemvura yemaspala, karusiyamu (Ca), magnesium (Mg) uye sulphates (SO4). Iko kusarudzika ndekwezvikamu zvakaderera zvezvinhu zvese izvi. Mvura EC isingasviki 0.5 millisiemens / sentimita (mS / cm) idanho rakanaka. Kana iyo mvura pH iri yakakwira, kurapwa kwekutanga kunogona kuitwa nesulphuric acid, phosphoric acid kana citric acid. Optimum uye yakachengeteka pH mazinga ari pakati pe5 ne6.
Nutrient solution sampling inofanirwa kuitiswa pavhiki kana vhiki mbiri. Nutrient solution sampling inofanira kutorwa kubva kune maviri masosi:
1. Kudya ndiyo mhinduro yezvinovaka iyo nzira yemadiridziro iri kupomba kumiti yakadzvanywa padhiripipi.
2. Drain ndiyo leachate inouya kubva pasi pevhu. Izvi zvakakosha kuchirongwa chekusangana.
Mashoko anobatsira
Ruzivo rwunowanikwa kubva kuchikafu chekugadzirisa mhinduro chinobatsira ku:
1. Ongorora midziyo yemadiridziro iri kuisira huwandu hwakanatsa hwefetiraiza.
2. Ongorora EC nePH yemushonga unovaka muviri mazinga anogutsa.
3. Sarudza huwandu hwefetiraiza nechinhu chiri kutorwa nemiti.
4. Sarudza huwandu hwefetiraiza inoda kuwedzerwa / kubviswa pamushonga wemuviri.
Inogona kutariswa kana huwandu hwediridziro hwakaringana nekutarisa kune yekugezera EC. Kana EC yakanyanya kukwirira, panogona kunge pasina mvura yakakwana inoiswa kumiti. Kana iyo EC yakanyanya kuderera (yakaderera pane iyo feed EC) zvirimwa zvinogona kunge zviri kuwana mvura yakawandisa.
5. Ongorora kana huwandu hwemadiridziro hwakakodzera nekutarisa kunodhonzwa EC. Kana EC yakanyanya kukwirira, panogona kunge pasina mvura yakakwana inoiswa kumiti. Kana iyo EC yakadzika kwazvo (yakaderera pane iyo EC yekudya), zvirimwa zvinogona kunge zviri kuwana mvura yakawandisa.
Kune akawanda marabhoritari anoita mhando iyi yemvura uye neuturu mhinduro yekuongorora. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze lab kune iyo vashandi vane ruzivo mune hydroponics.
Mairabhoritari maviri akakurudzirwa ndiGroen Agro Control muNetherlands uye Perry Laboratory muWatsonville, Calif.
Yakakurudzira huwandu hwemuviri
Mumufananidzo weNetafim management management technology fetiraiza dosing unit, mutsetse webhuruu kuruboshwe imvura yekudiridzira (tsime mvura kana yemasiparati mvura isina fetiraiza). Mvura iyi inopomberwa mukamuri rekusanganisa uko majekiseni anoiswa jekiseni uye mvura inova mhinduro yezvinhu zvinovaka muviri (mutsetse wepingi kurudyi). Iyo solution yemuviri inoyerera kuburikidza neEC uye pH sensors kuve nechokwadi chekuti chinangwa EC uye pH zvinochengetedzwa.
Tafura 1 inoratidza huwandu hwemuviri nechinhu kana mamorekuru akurudzirwa kumatomato mhinduro yezviyero zvinoyerwa panobuda mvura. Elemental nhanho pamazasi epasi kana epamusoro haana kunyanya kuipa. Kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakwana hwechikafu zvinoenderana nezvirimwa.
Tafura 1 inoratidza hunhu hunodiwa hunowanikwa neyekuerera sampuro yekuongorora. Nekugara uchiongorora mhinduro yehutano, iwo matanho anotarwa anogona kuenzaniswa anokodzera zvirimwa.
Kugadzirira mhinduro dzemuviri
Iwo akajairika makemikari ekusanganisa mishonga yekugadzirisa anotaurwa mu Hort Americas chinyorwa pane hydroponic greenhouse mhiripiri kugadzirwa.
Dzinosanganisira:
- Ca (NO3) 2 (Calcium nitrate)
- KNO3 (Potassium nitrate)
- KH2PO4 (Mono-potasium phosphate)
- MgSO4 * 7 H2O (Magnesium sulfate)
- H3BO3 (Boric asidhi)
- MnCl2 * 4 H2O (Manganous chloride)
- CuCl2 * 2 H2O (Cupric chloride)
- K2SO4 (Potassium sulphate)
- MoO3 (Molybdenum trioxide)
- ZnSO4 * 7 H2O (Zinc sulphate)
- Fe Sequestrene 330 (iron chelate)
Kukurudzira kwakawanda
- Dzimwe mhando dzemadomasi dzinogona kutumbuka kupera kuora (BER) http://ucanr.edu/sites/placernevadasmallfarms/files/86509.pdf) kupfuura dzimwe. Tarisa nzira yekudiridza uye nitrate mazinga sezvo yakakwira nitrate inogona kuve chikonzero cheER.
- Chengetedza zviyero zvemadiridziro zvezuva nezuva mu logbook (EC, pH uye dhonza muzana). Iri ibasa rezuva nezuva rinofanirwa kuitwa mangwanani-ngwanani kutenderera kwemadiridziro kusati kwatanga. Ona ruoko rwakachengetwa EC / pH metres https://hortamericas.com/product-category/growing-supplies/meters/
- Enzanisa bhuku reEC / pH kuverenga pamwe nekudiridza mayunitsi, iwo anofanira kufanana.
- Chengeta K: Ca chiyero padyo.
- Calibrate pH uye EC metres kamwe pasvondo.
- Calibrate pH sensors pane yekudiridza unit kamwe chete pamwedzi.
- Chengetedza iyo yekudiridza system yakachena uye ichimenya nguva nenguva.
- Chenesa matangi e fetiraiza mwedzi wega wega kuti usapinda manyowa.
- Chengeta pH ye micronutrient stock tank yakaderera (pH 4).
Kune zvimwe: Hort America, (469) 532-2383; https://hortamericas.com.