#Irrigationmanagement #waterconservation #energyefficiency #distributionuniformity #overheadirrigation #dripsystems #pumppressure #nozzleselection #systemmaintenance
Semurimi, nyanzvi yezvekurima, injiniya wezvekurima, kana muridzi wepurazi, unoziva kukosha kwemadiridziro ane hunyanzvi mukukura negoho. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakutarisira madiridziro kuwana kufanana kwekushandisa, izvo zvinoreva kuenzana kwekugoverwa kwemvura mumunda kana nzvimbo inokura. Kusafanana kwakashata kunogona kutungamirira kune pamusoro kana pasi pemvura, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kukura kwechirimwa uye kuwedzera mvura uye kushandiswa kwesimba.
Madiridziro epamusoro ari kunyanya kunetsa kuti awane kufanana, asi kunyange madrip masisitimu anofanirwa kuongororwa. Boom masisitimu, madhiri, ebb & mafashama mabhenji, uye pasi zvave kuwedzera mukurumbira nekuti zvinopa zvakanyanya kufanana. Uniformity inokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakati wandei senge nozzle kusarudzwa, nzvimbo uye urefu, kudzvanywa kwemvura, saizi yepombi, uye kugadzirisa system.
Imwe nzira yekuyera kufanana kwekushandiswa kwemadiridziro ndeyeDistribution Uniformity (DU), iyo inoratidzwa sechikamu. Iyo DU bvunzo inopa mufananidzo wekuona mashandisirwo emvura uye inogona kubatsira kuona nzvimbo dzinogona kuvandudzwa.
Kune masisitimu epamusoro, iyo DU bvunzo inosanganisira kuisa gumi nematanhatu kana anopfuura akatwasuka-mativi magaba ekubatisa akaenzana akaenzana muchikamu chinomiririra chirimwa. Mushure mokumhanyisa hurongwa kusvikira pane inenge masendimita emvura mumakani, mvura inobva mukombe imwe neimwe inodururwa mu cylinder yakapedza kudzidza kana beaker, uye mari yacho inonyorwa. Iyo DU inoverengerwa nekupatsanura avhareji yemagaba akaderera neavhareji yemagaba ese uye kuwanda nezana. A DU rating yakakura kupfuura 16% yakanaka, 100-90% yakanaka, 80-90% yakanaka, uye ishoma. kupfuura 70% varombo.
Kune masisitimu ekudonha, iyo DU bvunzo inosanganisira sampling inobuda kubva kune akati wandei emitters. Zvichienderana nekushandiswa uye mugadziri, emitters inogona kuve nezvinobuda kubva pa½ kusvika 16 marita / awa. Nzvimbo nhatu kana ina dzekuenzanisira dzinofanirwa kusarudzwa kune imwe neimwe lateral mutsara munharaunda, imwe padyo nemagumo ega ega, uye imwe kana maviri akaenzana pakati. Mushure mekushandisa sisitimu kweminiti imwe chete, zvinobuda kubva kune yega emitter zvinorekodhwa, uye iyo DU inoverengerwa nekugovanisa inobuda kune yakaderera 25% yeanomitter neavhareji chiyero kune ese emitter uye kuwanda nezana.
Kana iyo DU chiyero chakanaka kana chisina kunaka, zvakakosha kuchenesa uye kutarisa mafirita/masikirini, nozzles kana emitter ine yakaderera kuburitsa. Kutarisa kudzvanywa kwepombi ne-in-line geji kupesana nekudzvanywa kwekutanga uye kumagumo kwemitsara yekumashure kunogona kubatsirawo kuona panobuda, mapombi ekupa madiki, kana mhino/emitters akawandisa.
Kunatsiridza kufanana kwemadiridziro kunogona kuita kuti mvura iwedzere kushanda nesimba uye kushandisa simba, pamwe nekukura negoho rakafanana. Nekugara uchiyedza nekuchengetedza masisitimu ako ekudiridza, unogona kuona nzvimbo dzekuvandudza uye kugadzirisa kuti uwedzere maitiro ako ekudiridza.