#foodtechnology #climatechange #sustainableagriculture #alternativeproteins #kurima mumba #precisionfarming
Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukugadzirwa kwechikafu, kusanganisira kurima mumba, mamwe mapuroteni, uye kurima chaiko, kuri kushandura nzira yatinodyisa nyika tichideredza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora kufambiswa uye mhedzisiro yezvitsva izvi mukurima kwakasimba, kugadzirisa kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kugadzira chikafu chakawanda nezviwanikwa zvishoma kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nekukura kwehuwandu hwenyika.
Matambudziko anokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuwedzera kudiwa kwechikafu kwakakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwakasiyana muhurongwa hwekudya. Kubva padanho repapurazi kusvika kune rekupa, hutsva huri kushandiswa kugadzirisa nyaya dzakaoma dzine chekuita nekugadzirwa, kugovera, kutambisa marara, uye kurongedza. Chidzidzo chakaburitswa muNature chakaratidza kuti masisitimu echikafu anobatsira chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekubuda kwegasi regreenhouse, zvichisimbisa kukurumidza kwekutsvaga mhinduro dzakasimba.
Nehuwandu hwepasi rose hunofungidzirwa kuti huchasvika 9.8 bhiriyoni panosvika 2050, uye kukura kuri kuda kwezvekudya-zvekushandisa zvakanyanya senyama uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, kudiwa kwekushandura maitiro ekurima kuri pachena. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwanda kwenzara uye kushomeka kuri kubata vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni mazana masere kunoda kuwedzera panguva imwe chete mukugadzirwa kwechikafu, kushandiswa zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa, uye kuderedza marara. Ongororo yaMorgan Stanley yakaratidza akati wandei akakosha ekurima tekinoroji ane mukana wakakura wekukura, kusanganisira mamwe mapuroteni, mhodzi dzakagadziridzwa, uye kurima chaiko.
Pakati peanonyanya kuvimbisa tekinoroji pane mamwe mapuroteni, ayo anopa yakagadzikana uye ine tsika imwe nzira kune yechinyakare-yakavakirwa mhuka zvigadzirwa. Aya mapuroteni, anotorwa kubva kunzvimbo dzakaita sezvirimwa-based ingredients, fungi, kana sero tsika, anogona kubatsira kuzadzisa kudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwechikafu chine mapuroteni uku ichideredza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kune chekuita nekugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo.
Kurima kwemukati, kumwe hunyanzvi hutsva, kunoshandisa nharaunda dzakadzorwa uye matekinoroji epamberi senge marobhoti nehungwaru hwekugadzira kuwedzera goho uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa. Iyi nzira inobvumira kugadzirwa kwegore rose, pasina mamiriro ekunze, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura kusvika ku90% zvichienzaniswa nekurima kwakajairika.
Kurima zvine mutsindo, kunogoneswa nekuunganidza nekuongorora ruzivo, kunopa varimi ruzivo rwakakosha pamhando yevhu, mashandisirwo emvura, uye mamiriro ekunze. Nekushandisa kupindira kwakanangwa senge kupfapfaidza nemazvo uye kurima kwakadzora nharaunda, varimi vanogona kukwidziridza mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa uye kuderedza kukuvadza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Uku kufambira mberi mukurima kwakasimba kwakawana mukana pakati pevanoisa mari nevemabhizinesi, zvichifambiswa nekudikanwa kwekukurumidzira kweagri-chikafu system uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu. Kutanga seAppHarvest, kushandisa nzira dzekurima dzemukati, uye Terviva, kushandisa mukana wemamwe mapuroteni masosi semuti wepongamia, vari kugadzirisa matambudziko aya.
Ramangwana rechikafu riri mukumbundira hutsva hwetekinoroji hunosimudzira kurima kwakasimba uye kunoshingirira mamiriro ekunze. Kubva pakurima mumba kuenda kune mamwe mapuroteni uye kurima chaiko, kufambira mberi uku kunopa mhinduro kumatambudziko akaomarara ekudyisa huwandu hwevanhu huri kukura uchideredza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Nekudyara uye nekutora matekinoroji aya, tinogona kugadzira nzira yekudya kwakachengeteka, inoshanda, uye ine hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze.