Strawberries anga ari chirimwa chakakosha kwemakore mazhinji, asi kwete kunze kwekutiza njodzi parwendo. Muma1950, kugadzirwa kwemastirobheri eAmerica kwaive kuchiparadzwa nefungus yevhu-inoora inozivikanwa seye red steele.
“ITAAAA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) yakauya kuzobatsira, ichiponesa iyo indasitiri nekuuchika makumi emhando yemichero yemastrawberry ayo anogona kumira kutsvuka steele nemamwe matambudziko anosangana nevarimi, senge zvipembenene, zvirwere, mwaka mupfupi wekukura, uye kuomarara wekukohwa nekutakura. Basa reARS mukutsvagisa sitirobheri rinopfuura kupfuura ma50s, hazvo, ”vanozivisa kudaro.
"Kubereka kwaStrawberry panzvimbo yeARS muBeltsville, MD, kunotangira marobhoti," akadaro Kim Lewers, mutsvagidzi wezve genetic kuARS Genetic Improvement for Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory muBeltsville. USDA yakatanga kutsvagurudza sitirobheni muna 1910 uye yakawana maitiro ekuchengeta sitirobheri yakatsvuka kunyangwe mushure mekukanya kana kudziya. "Strawberry zvirimwa zvakagadzirwa neUSDA ndivo vakatanga kurarama mukutakura, izvo zvakagadzira indasitiri yemastrawberry."
ARS inogadzira mhando dzema sitirobheri dzinoshorwa nemichero yakaora uye dzinobereka michero inogara kwenguva refu mushure mekukohwewa, akadaro Lewers. "Varimi havafanirwe kushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka inodzivirira kuora, uye vatengi vanogona kunakidzwa nekunakirwa kwese kwema strawberries avo kwenguva refu mushure mekutenga."
Zvakatipoteredza tsoka
ARS iri kubatsira kufambisira mberi tekinoroji iyo inovimbisa kugadzirisa tsoka yezvakatipoteredza yevarimi vemastrawberry. Fumi Takeda, mutsvagidzi wezvekurima munda ane Appalachian Fruit Research Station muKearneysville, WV, ari kushanda nevashandi vemaindasitiri kugadzira muchina unobvisa kudikanwa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka. Inoshanda nekupenya ultraviolet (UV) mwenje pane zvirimwa uye zvipembenene zvavo husiku.
"UV-C irradiation inouraya microorganisms uye arthropod zvipembenene nekukuvadza kwavo DNA," Takeda akadaro. UV-C mwenje inogara ichishandiswa kuuraya tusingaoneki mukuvharisa mweya muzvipatara, kurapwa kwemvura, mabhenji emarabhoritari, uye kurapwa kwenyama uye yehuku zvigadzirwa.
"Kushandiswa kwechiedza cheUV mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa kwave kushoma nekuti madosi anodiwa kuuraya utachiona hwezvirimwa anowanzo kukonzera kukuvara kwemiti, senge kutsva kwemashizha nemaruva uye kupora," akadaro. "Tsvagurudzo yedu yanga iri yekuvandudza marapirwo eUV-C ayo anoshanda zvakanyanya kuzvirwere nekuchengetedza tupukanana pasina kukuvadza zvirimwa uye anodhura."
Kurapa husiku
Takeda nevamwe vake vakaona kuti kurapa sitirobheri husiku kwakavatendera kushandisa mwero wakadzikira we UV-C mwenje kuuraya zvinokonzeresa utachiona netupukanana, asi zvisiri kukuvadza sitirobheri zvirimwa. Mhedzisiro yacho irinochengetedza sitirobheri rinochengetedza mari uye rinobatsira nharaunda nekushandisa mashoma makemikari.
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko,
US department rekurima
+ 1 202 720 2791
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