Kubva kuMontreal kuenda kuKyoto kuburikidza neParis, rudzi rutsva rwevarimi vemumaguta vari kurima michero nemiriwo munzira dzinogara dzichiita.
Kufembera kweUN kwakaisa huwandu hwenyika pa9.7 bhiriyoni ne2050 - ne80 muzana yavo vachigara mumaguta. Ndiyo miromo yakawanda yekudyisa. Asi chikafu chevagari vakawanda vemuguta chinobva kure nezviuru zvemakiromita. Munyika yeUS Iowa, inova yechitatu pakukura pakugadzirwa kwekurima, 80 muzana yechikafu chinodyiwa chakafamba anopfuura 1,900km.
Kana maguta ari chikamu chechinetso, saka anofanira kuva chikamu chekugadzirisa. Vari kukwira kudambudziko iri rudzi rutsva rwevarimi vemumaguta. Mhinduro dzakasiyana semaguta edu uye dzinowanzo sanganisira yekucheka-kumucheto tekinoroji. 'Tinofanirwa kuona guta sezvinetso zvakasiyana uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekurima mumadhorobha semidziyo mubhokisi rekushandisa. Hapana-saizi-inokodzera-zvese kana zvasvika pakugadzira masisitimu echikafu emuno uye akasimba,' anodaro Henry Gordon-Smith, CEO we. Agritecture, kambani inoronga zvekurima mumaguta.
Asi aya haasati ari mapurazi ako emukati-muguta ekupuruzira ekare. Lufa Farms in Montreal, Canada, ndomumwe wemapiyona uye anovaka dzimba dzokuchengetera girini pamusoro pezvivako zvemaindasitiri zvine hydroponics, umo zvinomera zvinokura mumvura ine mineral.
Iyo femu yakavambwa naMohamed Hage, mutorwa kubva kuRebhanoni, uye parizvino inoshanda nzvimbo ina mhiri kweMontreal. Sezvo akakurira mutaundi diki iro rainyanya kugadzira chikafu chayo, Hage akapotsa kuravira uye kunaka kwezvitsva, zvakarimwa munharaunda muMontreal. 'Hapana chine chekuita nekurima kwemumadhorobha chine shanduko, ingori nhandaro yechinhu chakasakara,' anodaro.
Maguta anotambura ne 'mudhorobha kupisa chitsuwa' maitiro nekuti zvivakwa zvinotsiva zvinomera zvinotora uye zvinochengeta kupisa - zvichitoda yakawedzera mhepo yekudziya. Ndosaka uchinzwa kupisa kwakanyanya muguta, nenzvimbo dzakaomarara dzinowanzova madhigirii mashoma kupisa kupfuura nzvimbo dzakasvibira. Mapurazi emudhorobha anobatsira maguta 'anosvibira', kuderedza tembiricha, kutora CO2 kubva mumhepo uye kupomba mweya mutsva.
Matatu emapurazi eLufa ari pamatenga emba asina kumboshandiswa, nepo yechina akagadzirwa nemaune aine imba yekupisa padenga remba. Zviri nyore kufunga kuti uku kudonha munyanza asi svondo rega rega vanokohwa 25,540 kg yemuchero neveg - zvikamu zviviri muzana zvechikafu chinodiwa kuMontreal. Nzvimbo ichangoburwa paVille Saint-Laurent, iyo zvino yava hombe padenga remba yedenga repasi rose, ndiyo yega inoita hafu yehwerengedzo iyi.
MuEurope, Paris iri pamberi pechimurenga, tinotenda zvikuru kukanzuru yeguta. Kupisa kukuru muna 2003 kwakakonzera kufa kwevanhu 14,802 muFrance. Kurwisa zvitsuwa zvekupisa kwemadhorobha, meya weParis Anna Hidalgo akatanga Parisculteurs kuronga kugadzira mahekita zana enzvimbo yakasvibira panosvika 100, ine chetatu chakazvipira kurima mumadhorobha.
Makambani akapinda mumusika anosanganisira Nature Urbaine, purazi guru repamusoro pedenga repasi rose, iro rinogara pamusoro pePorte de Versailles nzvimbo yekuratidzira. Kuvhara 14,000 square metres, purazi rinokura makumi matatu emhando dzemuriwo nemakwenzi, pamwe nerendi kunze kwegumi nemakumi mana kugoverwa kune veko. Sous les FraisesUkuwo, ane mapurazi mapfumbamwe ari pamusoro pedenga remba achigadzira zvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakaita semaberry nemahop.
Maguta anowanzo pedzisira ava nenzvimbo dzepasi pevhu dzisingashandiswi. La Caverne inoshandisa nzvimbo yekare yeParisian car park. 'Kurima ihondo yeminda kutanga, saka kukura pasi pevhu kwakava mhinduro nekuti zviri nyore uye kune nzvimbo yakawanda isingashandiswe,' anodaro mumwe muvambi mubatanidzwa Théo Champagnat. Zvisinei, mapurojekiti akadaro anowanzoda magetsi e LED kuti agadzirise kushayikwa kwezuva, saka simba rakawanda rinoshandiswa. Nekungwarira kusarudzwa kwezvirimwa, La Caverne akadzivirira izvi. 'Kurima kweLED kunomiririra isingasviki zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvebasa redu. Chicory inokura murima rakazara uye howa hunoda chiedza chishoma,' anotsanangura kudaro Champagnat.
Basa rinogona kuva mutengo mukuru kumapurazi akawanda emudhorobha. Asi zvinovimbisa, kambani yeJapan waridza akagadzira purazi rekutanga repasi rose rinozvigadzira, Techno Farm Keihanna muKyoto. 'Iyo yakakura nzvimbo inokura, ndipo pazvinonyanya kuoma kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwakagadzikana kwezvinhu zvakaita semhando yechigadzirwa, saizi uye huwandu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kugadzirwa kwakagadzikana kwakakosha kumisa mashandiro kusvika padanho rinodiwa kuti riite otomatiki, ”anodaro mutauriri weSpread. Chirimwa ichi chave kugadzira matani matatu elettuce zuva nezuva.
Otomatiki yakabata zvikamu zvinonyanya kukosha zvekugadzira zvinosanganisira kudyara, kusimudza mbesa uye kutakura mapaneru ekurima. "Tinofunga kuti izvi zvichabatsira kuti kurima kuve kukwezva kune vechidiki, uye kubatsira mukuita kuti kurima kuve indasitiri inoenderera mberi," mutauriri weSpread anowedzera. Haisi chete lettuce inogadzirwa isina mishonga yezvipembenene asi inewo huwandu hwebeta-carotene (mushonga unokosha) welettucewo zvayo yechando.
Kunyangwe vanhu vamwe nemabhizinesi madiki vanogona kupinda pachiitiko pa LA Urban Farms' Tower Garden. Uchishandisa modular aeroponic tower system, inogona kupinda munzvimbo diki senge balcony. 'Zvinonyatsoita kuti kudya kune hutano kuve nyore kana uine chikafu chitsva chiri kukura kuseri kwemba yako kana paresitorendi yako nekuti une simba pamusoro pechikafu chako,' anodaro muvambi Wendy Coleman. Ndicho chokwadi chekupedzisira kurerukira chikafu.