Sezvo chirimo chinoshanduka kuita zhizha, varimi ve greenhouse munyika yose vari kutanga kugadzirira kwenguva yakareba, inodziya, uye yakawanda mazuva ane hunyoro. Ivo vari kutanga kugadzirisa mamiriro avo ekunze uye kutangazve masisitimu anga achigara asina basa kwemwedzi. Iyi shanduko mune yakanyanyisa mamiriro ekunze ezhizha inogona kuve iri dambudziko chairo uye mukana wakanaka kune vazhinji varimi.
Muchikamu chino, tichakurukura zvitatu zvekuchinja kukuru kunounzwa muzhizha kumagirinhi (mwenje wakawanda, tembiricha yakakwira, uye mwando wakakwirira) uye izvo varimi vanogona kuita kudzora chero zvakaipa zvinokanganisa nekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze ekupisa. Tichagovanawo mamwe matipi ekuti ungawedzere sei kugadzirwa kwe greenhouse yako mumwedzi yezhizha.
Chiedza Chakasimba / Photoperiod (DLI)
Kutanga kwezhizha kunogadzira shanduko yemwenje yevarimi vegreenhouse, kunyanya yakareba mapopoperiods (aka daylengths) uye kuwedzera mwenje kusimba, ese ari maviri anowedzera kune zuva nezuva chiedza chakabatana (DLI). Kukurumidza kukura kwezvirimwa mitengo kunoitika pasi peyepamusoro DLI; zvisinei, kuwedzera kushushikana kwezvirimwa kuri kunetsekana. Semuyenzaniso, musoro lettuce inokura zvakaringana pasi peDLI ye17 mol · m-2· S-1, asi kana yakakwana DLI yapfuurwa, zvirimwa zvinogona kukura nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera tipburn (chirwere chemuviri chinokonzera kushomeka kwecalcium uye marginal necrosis / kukanganisa kwemashizha madiki).
Pamusoro pezvo, chirimwa chega chega chine chikumbaridzo chechiedza chakasimba chinoenderana nekuwana photosynthetic zvakanaka, uye pamusoro pechikumbaridzo ichi, kuwedzera kwechiedza hakukonzeri kana kusakanganisa photosynthesis. Nekudaro, mumwedzi yezhizha zvakakosha kuti vese vave nezviyero zvechiedza zviri mugreenhouse nguva dzese uye kuti vanzwisise maturusi aunogona kudzora huwandu hwechiedza chinosvika pachirimwa chako, kuitira kudzivirira njodzi dzinogona kuitika mwenje wakawanda.
Semurimi we greenhouse, iwe une zvishandiso zvishoma mukitsi yako kuti uderedze mwenje unouya. Shade machira ari pakati peanowanzozivikanwa muindasitiri yese. Ivo vanouya mumatanho akasiyana ekutapurirana (kudzvinyirira kudzora), pamwe nekusajeka (photoperiod control). Kana jira rako remumvuri riine mota, ita shuwa kuti mota dzako dziri kushanda mwaka wezhizha usati watanga.
Pamusoro pemachira emumvuri, latex mumvuri pendi ndechimwe chishandiso chinodzikisira kudzora mwenje unouya. Inogona kumwayiwa pakutanga kwezhizha uye kushambidzwa kumagumo. Kana iwe pachako ukashandiswa, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa maonero ako ekufanotaura, sezvo nguva ichakuchengetedza mari. Kunyorera nekukurumidza kana kwakanyanya kuchadzora huwandu hwechiedza chiripo, nekudaro kunonoka kukura kwezvirimwa. Zviyero zvechiedza zvakajeka uye nzwisiso yebiology yezvirimwa zvako inokuudza nguva yekushandisa mumvuri. Iyo inoshanda mumvuri zano mumwedzi yezhizha yakakosha kuti uchengetedze goho rako riine hutano, rakasimba, uye kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana.
Zvakare, sezvo mwenje unowedzera, ndozvinoitawo kudyiwa kwemuti wemuti. Iva wakagadzirira kugadzirisa yako madiridziro macircuit. Iwe ungangodawo kugadzirisa yako yemanyowa nzira. Iyo reshiyo yemvura kune zvinovaka muviri zvinotorwa nemuti zvinowedzera sekuwedzera kwechiedza, saka ungangoda kudzora yako inogadzirisirwa mhinduro EC (magetsi conduction) kuchengetedza yakagadzikana midzi-zone EC.
tembiricha
Kuwedzera mukuwedzera kwechiedza uye photoperiod zvine hukama hwakanangana netembiricha iri mune yako greenhouse. Zvakafanana nekuwedzera kwechiedza, tembiricha yakawedzera inogona kuve nemhedzisiro pane kukura kwezvirimwa (kukurumidza kusimudzira mwero), asi zvakare mashoma mashoma zvakare. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunoenderana pamwe nekuderedzwa kwembeu kumera kwezvirimwa zvakawanda, nguva isati yakwana kunamira muletisi, kudzikisira kukura kwemaruva mumastrawberry, uye michero yakaderedzwa yakaiswa mumastrawberry, mhiripiri uye madomasi. Zvakare, zvipembenene zvakawanda zvine nguva yekukurumidza kubereka mumatembiricha anodziya, zvichida kuwanda kwekubata utachiona (IPM) kunyorera.
Kana isina kutarisirwa zvakanaka, kupisa kwezhizha kuchadhura yako greenhouse mari. Zhizha risati rasvika, iva nechokwadi chekuti ako masisitimu anotonhora aripo uye anoshanda. Kupusa uye kushingaira kuburitsa kwakave kwakavharirwa kwechando kunofanirwa kunge kusingagadziriswe. Exhaust mafeni anomhanyisa kwemaawa akareba uye anofanirwa kuongororwa kuti aenderane, kushanda, uye kuzora mafuta kana zvichidikanwa.
Evaporative coolers uye yakanaka kumanikidza (swamp) inotonhorera inofanirwa kuongororwa kuti idonhe. Kana ikasadururwa zvakanaka mukudonha, mapaipi anogona kunge akagwamba uye akatsemuka. Kana iwe ukashandisa fog kutonhodza sisitimu, mombe dzinofanirwa kuongororwa uye kucheneswa kwezvipingaidzo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kana kupisa kwasvika, wagadzirira. Kuchengeta yako greenhouse kune yakakodzera tembiricha mumwedzi yezhizha inonyatso kudikanwa mukukura kwezvirimwa zvine hutano uye kune hutano nekuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vako vegreenhouse.
Relative Humidity
Chiedza chakawedzera mumwedzi yezhizha chinounza kwete chete tembiricha inodziya asiwo hunyoro hwakawedzera. Nepo varimi vazhinji vatoona hunyoro hwakaringana, izvi zvinongopa chete mweya wemvura urimumhepo kwete kuti ungabata zvakadii. Sezvo tarisiro yekuzadza yemvura mumhepo ichisiyana sekushanda kwetembiricha, hunyoro hwehukama hausi hwakanakisa kufananidzira kufema kwemuti uye kurasikirwa nemvura. Mhepo inomanikidza kushomeka (VPD), kune rimwe divi, musiyano uripo pakati pehuwandu hwehunyoro mumhepo uye kuti ingakwanise kubata sei pakuzadza.
Izvi zvinoita kuti VPD ive inoshanda inobatsira kufembera mu greenhouse. Tembiricha inopisa yezhizha inogona kunzwa kunge yakanyorova, asi mweya unodziya une simba rakakura rekubata mvura usati waumbana pamashizha emashizha kudzikisira kufema. Substrate mwando mwero, nekudaro, inoda kutariswa zvakanyanya kudzivirira kunetseka kwemvura. Kana yako yekudiridza purogiramu iri pane timer, inogona kuda kugadzirisirwa mwaka unoshanduka.
Kubatsira kudzikisira hunyoro hwehukama (yakaderera VPD), tarisa kudzora chero mvura yekunze yakaunzwa kugreenhouse. Kupwa kwemvura kubva pasi pegreenhouse, kubata matangi, midzi midzi, uye kumwe kumeso, pamwe nekufema, zvese zvinowedzera kune hunyoro mugreenhouse. Pahumwe hunyoro hwehukama (yakaderera VPD), utachiona hwakadai botrytis (grey muforoma) uye powdery mildew inofarirwa. Zvakare, zvakasiyana siyana zvemuviri senge tipburn mu lettuce uye kutumbuka zvinopera kuora mumadomasi zvine njodzi munzvimbo dzakanyorovera.
Kushandisa kweanopindirana kana akamira emhepo mafeni ekuyerera anovandudza microclimate humidity / VPD uye inoderedza kunzwisisika kumatambudziko epanyama kana chirwere. Pamusoro pezvo, kuenderera kana kuwanda kwemhepo kuchinjana mukati meye greenhouse kunogona kudikanwa kuti ubvise mwando wakadzikama wehukama kuburikidza nekuita kana kuita kushama. Zvakare, kana masisitimu ekukanganisa achishandiswa kutonhora, ita shuwa kuti ari kumhanya chete kana zvirimwa zvine nguva yakakwana yekuoma husiku husiku kana hunyoro hwekunze hwekunze huchiwedzera.
Nepo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze yezhizha ichiunza matambudziko mazhinji ekukunda, zvakare anogona kugadzira mikana yakawanda yekuwedzera kugadzirwa nemari. Tembiricha inodziya mugreenhouse inogona kukubvumidza iwe kurima zvirimwa zvinoda kupisa senge basil iwe yausingakwanise kukura pane dzimwe nguva. Mazuva akareba uye mwenje wakawanda unogona kudzora zvakanyanya kutenderera kwekukura kwezvirimwa zvakawanda, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kukohwa nekutengesa zvimwe zvigadzirwa nekukurumidza. Iyo inodziya mamiriro ekunze inoendesawo vanhu panze, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kudiwa kwemabhedha uye kugadzira miti zvirimwa. Pamusoro pezvo, maresitorendi, anoburitsa masherufu kuzvitoro zvekutengesa, uye misika yevarimi vese vanoona yakawedzera zviitiko muzhizha, izvo zvinogadzira kudiwa kwakanyanya kwezvibereko zvitsva.
Zvakakosha kuti varimi vagadzirire greenhouse yavo kwemwedzi iri kuuya yezhizha, kwete chete kuti vabvise mhedzisiro yakaipa yemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa, asiwo kugadzirira shanduko mukugadzirwa nekutengesa, kuti vasarasikirwe nechero mari.