Precision Agriculture haisi pfungwa nyowani, asi kutorwa kwayo kwakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi. Kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi hweGPS, madrones, maIoT zvishandiso, uye hombe data analytics inobvumira varimi kuunganidza ruzivo rwakadzama nezvezvirimwa zvavo uye mamiriro evhu. Idzi data rinogonesa kuita sarudzo kune ruzivo, zvichikonzera kutonga kuri nani kwezviwanikwa, kuderedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuvandudzwa kwegoho.
GPS uye GIS Technology
Global Positioning System (GPS) uye Geographic Information Systems (GIS) ndiwo musimboti wekurima nemazvo. Tekinoroji idzi dzinoita kuti varimi vagadzire mepu dzakadzama dzeminda yavo, vachiona kusiyana kwemhando dzevhu, hunyoro, uye hutano hwezvirimwa. Kuburikidza nekushandisa zvinhu zvakaita sefetereza, mvura nemishonga yezvipembenene nenzira kwayo, varimi vanokwanisa kunyatsoshandisa zviwanikwa.
Sekureva kwe2023 mushumo wakaitwa neMarketsandMarkets, musika wekurima chaiwo unotarisirwa kusvika pamadhora zviuru gumi nemaviri nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora panosvika 12.9, uchikura paCAGR ye2027% kubva 12.7 kusvika 2022. kune saiti-chaiyo manejimendi uye nemafambisirwo emapurazi.
Drones uye Remote Sensing
Drones ane multispectral uye thermal makamera akashandura kutarisa kwezvirimwa. Idzi mota dzemuchadenga dzisina kufambiswa (UAVs) dzinopa data renguva-chaiyo pahutano hwezvirimwa, kuona zvinhu zvakaita sekutapukira kwezvipembenene, kushomeka kwekudya, uye kusagadzikana kwemvura nguva refu zvisati zvaonekwa nemeso. Kukurumidza kuona uku kunoita kuti varimi vatore matanho ekugadzirisa zvinhu nekukasika, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwegoho.
Ongororo yakaitwa neAmerican Society of Agronomy (ASA) yakaratidza kuti michina yedrone inogona kuderedza mari yekushandisa nezvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana ichiwedzera goho nechikamu che30-10%. Iyi bhenefiti mbiri yekuchengeta mari uye kuvandudzwa kwegoho ikurudziro huru kune varimi kutora tekinoroji yedrone mukushanda kwavo.
IoT uye Big Data Analytics
Iyo Internet yezvinhu (IoT) nderimwe dombo repakona rekurima chaiko. Zvishandiso zveIoT, senge ma sensors evhu, zviteshi zvemamiriro ekunze, uye masisitimu ekudiridza akangwara, anounganidza huwandu hukuru hwe data pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze uye kuita kwechirimwa. Iyi data inozoongororwa pachishandiswa hombe data analytics kuti ipe ruzivo rwunoita.
Semuyenzaniso, madiridziro akangwara anoshandisa hunyoro hwevhu kuisa mvura painodiwa chete, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwemvura ne50%. Saizvozvo, sarudzo dzinotungamirwa nedata pakushandiswa kwefetereza dzinogona kutungamira mukudzikiswa kwe20% mukushandiswa kwefetereza, sezvakataurwa neongororo ya2022 yakaburitswa muJournal yePrecision Agriculture.
Sustainability uye Environmental Impact
Kurima kwakaringana hakungokwidziri goho chete asiwo kunosimudzira budiriro. Nekushandisa zvekushandisa nemazvo, varimi vanogona kuderedza huwandu hwemakemikari anoburitswa mumhepo, kuderedza njodzi yekusvibiswa uye kuvandudza hutano hwevhu. Zvakare, kuita kwekurima chaiko kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nekugadzirisa mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa uye kuderedza kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse.
Sekutaura kwesangano reFood and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), kurima nemazvo kunogona kuita basa rakakura mukuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza mukurima. FAO inofungidzira kuti kushandisa nzira dzekurima nemazvo kunogona kuderedza kuburitswa kwezvekurima pasi rose nezvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana mugore ra20.
Kurimwa kwakaringana kunomiririra ramangwana rekurima, kupa chishandiso chine simba kuvarimi, maagronomists, uye mainjiniya ezvekurima kuti vagone kutarisira zvirimwa uye kuwedzera goho. Nekushandisa tekinoroji yeGPS neGIS, madrones, maIoT zvishandiso, uye hombe data analytics, chikamu chekurima chinogona kusangana nekukura kuri kudiwa kwechikafu uku ichideredza tsoka yaro yezvakatipoteredza. Sezvo tekinoroji ichienderera mberi nekushanduka, kurima chaiko pasina mubvunzo kuchava chikamu chakakosha chemaitiro emazuva ano ekurima, kutyaira zvakanaka, kusimba, uye kuita pundutso.
