Genetics uye kubereka isayenzi pasina izvo zvisingabviri kufungidzira kurima kwemazuva ano. Kubudirira kweindasitiri kunoenderana nekubudirira mumunda wekugadzira mahybrids, kwete zvishoma. Kuberekeswa kwedzimwe nyika nekune dzimwe nyika kuri kubudirira. Asi hazvina kukwana kugadzira hybrid - iwe unofanirwawo kuiedza kunze. Kuti aite izvi, makambani anogadzira mbeu anopa makambani makuru ekurima kuti ashande nezvitsva muminda yekuyedza. Kune zvirimwa zvedemo zvakadaro mu AGROINVEST Group. Vachishandisa muenzaniso weSosnovka-AGRO-Invest LLC, vamwe vaagronomist vakataurira nezvezviyero zvechibage nesoya bhinzi.
Hybrid - nei?
Mahybrids ezvirimwa anowanikwa nekuyambuka mafomu maviri kana kupfuura evabereki. "Vabereki" vanogona kunge vasingashamisi, asi kana vachiyambuka, vanopa simba rakasimba uye rinodudzwa zvakasimba, rinodiwa kune mufudzi, zviratidzo.
Kazhinji, kubva kuvabereki vaviri kana kupfuura vepakati, unogona kuwana mhodzi dzakasanganiswa dzine hunhu hwakakosha: goho, kutakura, kuratidzwa kwakanaka. Izvi ndizvo zviri kuitwa nemakambani ane hunyanzvi, ayo anochengeta mafomula ari mukuvimba kwakanyanya.
Varimi, pakusarudza mbeu dzavachadyara muminda yavo, sarudzai zvinonyanya kuvimbisa.
“Unofanira kuziva zvauri kupiwa”
Kuedza zvirongwa muAGROINVEST Boka mudunhu reTambov zvave zviripo kwenguva yakareba. Pavel Cheprasov, Chief agronomist weSosnovka-AGRO-Invest, anga achirima mahybrids akasiyana kubva 2016.
“Anga ari makore anoda kusvika gumi ebasa,” anodaro. — Kare takaedza marudzi ezuva nechibage, sunflower ndokutsiviwa nesoya, sezvo ichi chirimwa chine tariro. Nyanzvi yezvekurima inofanirwa kuve nechido chikuru chekuita basa iri, nekuti rinoda nguva yakawanda nesimba.
Makambani anotipa zvigadzirwa zvitsva, uye pano tinofanira kungwarira zvikuru. Tinouya totarisa zvirimwa paminda yemurimi. Pane mamiriro akanaka kune imwe hybrid. Asi isu hatigone kuve 100% chokwadi chekuti mumamiriro ekunze edu tsika iyi ichazviratidza padivi rakanaka. Ndosaka tichida masaiti ane ruzivo mukambani. Tinofanira kuziva zvatiri kupihwa.”
Nzvimbo itsva
Nyanzvi dzezvekurima dzinosarudza chete mahybrids nemhando dzavanofarira. Vanoziva mamiriro avo ekunze zvakanaka uye havatore izwi remakambani anotsanangura zvine ruvara zvakanakira zvigadzirwa zvavo.
"Unogona kutaura zvakanyanya sezvaunoda, asi unogona kunyatsoongorora mashandiro echirimwa chete kana iwe ukashanda nawo zvakananga," Pavel Pavlovich anoti. — Semuyenzaniso, mugadziri anovimbisa kuti chibage chinenge chine sitachi yakawanda. Uye pamasaiti ayo edemo, chiratidzo chakakwira chaizvo. Asi hatizivi kuti mahybrid achaita sei muvhu redu, nemamineral fertilizer edu. Naizvozvo, tinotora akati wandei mahybrids, uye zvingave zvakanaka kana vatatu kana vashanu vakabudirira midzi nesu.
Pamusoro pazvo, mamiriro ekunze edu achangobva “kuvandudzwa”, uye tanga tichichinja mahybrids. Gore rakapera ndakatora noushingi FAO * 280, FAO 240 uye 250, kunyange FAO 300. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, havana kukura zvachose, uye nguva yapfuura pakanga pane kukwana kwakakwana kwemuviri. Uye hybrid, iyo yaimbova isina kukodzera zvachose, ikozvino mamiriro ekunze anyanya kuoma, uye gare gare varimi vanoshivirira zviri nani, kuderedza njodzi dzekusawana goho rakarongwa mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa.
“Tinoisa ongororo yembeu yakadai gore negore. Pane chirongwa chimwe chete, uye kune marudzi akati wandei,” anodaro Marina Yuskovets, agronomist weSosnovka—AGRO-Invest LLC, iyo inobata nekuyedza masoyabhinzi. — Iyi nzvimbo idiki, ingangoita mahekita matatu. Kune mhando shanu gore rino. Basa redu ndere kuenzanisa kuti nderipi rinonyanya kuvimbisa kwatiri. Tinotarisa pakuvapo kweprotein. Kuwanda kuri kuita tsanga, kuongororwa kunoitwa nenyanzvi dzemurabhoritari mushure mekukohwa, zviri nani.
*FAO chibage indekisi ine conditional ye precocity yakatorwa neInternational Food and Agriculture Organisation kuFAO (Food and Agricultural Organisation) kugadzira chiyereso chakafanana chehunhu hwemahybrids. Systematization yemhando dzinokutendera kuti uzvigovane mumapoka zvichienderana nenguva yemwaka wekukura, huwandu hwetembiricha inoshanda uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakati wandei. Kuva muboka chairo kunobatsira varimi kuti vaone nekukasika mbeu yakauchikwa, kuona kukodzera kwayo kurimwa nezvinangwa zvayakada kurimwa munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze ekunze uye kusarudza zviri nyore chirimwa chakanakira kugadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
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