Hydroponics, smart greenhouses uye geoinformation masisitimu - takadzidza izvo zvitsva zvinogona kusimudza goho redu kune rekodhi.
Mutungamiri weTajikistan Emomali Rahmon anogara achirangarira kushandiswa kwevhu zvine musoro uye kukosha kwekushandisa matekinoroji ekuwedzera goho. Asi izvi zvinoitwa nekunetseka kukuru - dehwan haana mari yakakwana yeizvi.
MuTajikistan, zvidzidzo zvikuru zvekurima zvekurima mapurazi eDehkan nemacooperatives.
Iko hakuna nzvimbo dzakawanda kwazvo dzakakodzera kugadzirwa kwekurima murepublic.
Minda ine madiridziro inosvika mahekita 700 zviuru, mumakore makumi matatu apfuura nzvimbo yavo pamunhu yakadzikira kubva pa30 kusvika pa0.12 mahekita.
Nhasi, zvekurima zviri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji ane chekuita nekuparara kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanaya kwemvura, kuparara kwegwenga uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kushandiswa kwemamineral fertilizer nemakemikari, kusakwana kwemvura.
Panyaya iyi, kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji muchikamu chekurima kunoita basa rakakosha. Kune akawanda awo, asi isu tichatarisa pane mashanu acho ikozvino.
1. Kurima nemazvo
Kurima chaiko kunobva pakunzwisisa kuti ivhu rakasiyana-siyana uye haririmwe nemahekita kana minda yakajairika.
Muchirongwa chekubatsira kwakawanda kwenzvimbo dzekurima muTajikistan, iyi nzira ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushanda.
Kuti uwane chirimwa chemhando yepamusoro, zvakakosha kuti uzvigadzirise muzvikamu zvakasiyana, uchifunga nezvezvinomera, hunyoro uye kubereka kwevhu. Panodiwa nzira yekuisa fetereza papoint-based, pane kuramba uchiisa fetereza.
Mifananidzo yemasatellite uye maUAV (motokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu) dzinobatsira pakuona hterogeneity yeminda yepurazi. Sensors pamuchina neminda inobvumidza iwe kuti uongorore mamiriro, hunyoro, tembiricha, uye pH mazinga. Minda yakakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki-diki zvichienderana nemhando yezvirimwa, ivhu, nezvimwe.
Precision kurima tekinoroji inounganidza uye ongorora data nezve yako yese chiito pamunda.
Vanobatsira kuita sarudzo dzekukurumidza uye dzenguva refu: ndedzipi mbeu dzekudyara, panzvimbo ipi, huwandu hwefetiraiza kana makemikari anodiwa, nezvimwe.
Izvi zvinoda mari. Bazi rezvekurima reTajikistan rakatoenda kuhurumende nechisungo chekuumba homwe yakakosha yekusimudzira budiriro.
Inodiwa kugadzira kugadzirwa kwemakwikwi muagro-industrial complex, kugadzirisa hukama hwehupfumi muhurongwa hwekubatana (zvekurima nevatengi), kutenga michina yekurima, mbeu nemafetireza uye mamwe matanho matsva nekukwezva mari yekune dzimwe nyika, rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi uye zvikwereti zvakasarudzika. .
2. Smart greenhouses
Mukuru wepurazi remvura reTajikistan Kholmurod Rahmon akazadzika chipikirwa chake chokupa vanhu mvura.
Kurima zvirimwa munzvimbo yakavharwa kunobvisa matambudziko mazhinji ane chekuita nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Inokurudzirwa kugadzira analogues emazuva ano pane iwo echinyakare greenhouses.
Mienzaniso yekutanga yatovepo muTajikistan, asi iyo yakarongwa mitsva yegreenhouses inofanirwa kuve yakashongedzerwa neazvino matekinoroji.
Izvo zvichave zvichigoneka kudzora kushanda kweakadaro greenhouses kubva kune chero mudziyo (kombuta, laptop, smartphone) yakabatana neInternet.
Nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi uhwu, zvinogoneka kudzora mamiriro ekunze uye kudiridza, kutarisa kukura kwezvirimwa uchishandisa makamera, kuverenga huwandu hwemafetireza anodiwa, kutarisira matambudziko uye zvirwere zvinogoneka, izvo zvichaita kuti nzira yekukura kurima ishande.
3. Hydroponics uye drip kudiridza
Iye zvino munyika dzakawanda dzakasimukira, zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvinorimwa mumidziyo yakakosha gore rose. Yakanakira mamiriro ekunze anowanikwa nekuda kwehunyanzvi matekinoroji zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwehydroponics.
Intensive garden ine drip irrigation system mudunhu reKhuroson.
Semuenzaniso, mapurazi akadaro anogona kuiswa kunyange padenga reimba kana nzvimbo yekutengesa, asi achipa zviuru zvevagari chikafu chitsva.
Hydroponics masisitimu anobvumidza iwe kukura zvigadzirwa zvakapetwa kaviri nekukurumidza sezviri muvhu.
Kana pasina mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwehydroponics muTajikistan zvakadaro, asi pane kubudirira mukusimudzira kudiridza kwekudonha. Mvura inopihwa kuburikidza nemapombi epurasitiki kana hose kune chirimwa chimwe nechimwe. Iyi nzira inochengetedza kusvika 70% yemvura yekudiridza.
4. Geoinformation systems (GIS)
GIS inoshandiswa kune vashandi vezvekurima kuti vaone minda nenzira yemamepu. Nhasi vabudirira kugamuchirwa neCommittee on Land Management and Geodesy of the republic, asi varimi havasati vava kuwana.
Tajikistan iri kuvandudza kurima kwedhijitari
GIS inoshandiswa kugadzira marongerwo eminda nemidziyo. Mashoko acho anoratidzwa sezvikamu. A layer ihunhu hwemunda, semuenzaniso, humidity, zororo, misiyano yekukwirira, hydro-reclamation zvivakwa, zvirimwa zvekurima.
Nekuchinja pakati pehunhu hwakasiyana, purazi rekurima rinogona kuumba mufananidzo wakazara wezviri kuitika muminda.
MuGIS, unogona kuona kuti mushandirapamwe wekukohwa uri kufamba sei, munzvimbo dzipi kukohwa kwatove kukohwa, uye uko basa risati ratanga. Mabhizinesi ezvekurima anogona kuona kuti ndeipi minda yakabatwa nemishonga yezvipembenene uye isina, kana kunaya kwemvura kwadonha, kana tupukanana tavepo. Kana nekuona kutevedzera mafambiro emidziyo, fungidzira mutengo wemafuta uye mafuta ekuzora, nzwisisa zvikonzero nei paine kuwanda kwezvakajairwa.
5. Mapurazi akangwara
Matanho ekutanga ekugadzira mapurazi e "smart" akatotorwa muTajikistan. Mapurazi emukaka muTursunzad, Khuroson, Ashta, mapurazi ehuku muMuminabad nemamwe matunhu ave mapiyona munzira iyi.
Asi danho rinotevera rinofanira kutorwa. Kusimudza zvipfuyo zvekugadzira nyama uye mukaka, huku nehove, matekinoroji emakombuta anoshandiswa nhasi anodzora maitiro ekukura kwemhuka neshiri, kudya kwekudya, uye accounting yekugadzira.
Mapurazi eSmart anoderedza mafuro emombe, nekudaro achichengetedza ivhu rekurima, anoita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera nzvimbo dzekugadzirwa kwakanyanya kwezvirimwa zvefodya, kusabvisa kukanganisa kwekunze kwezvinhu, kusanganisira kupinda kwezvirwere.
Yakanyanya kugadzirirwa maapplications emafoni anobatsira kuverenga chaizvo ese maparamita ekudya.
Iyo yakangwara sisitimu inoverengera inodiwa huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri, mavhitamini uye zvicherwa kune rimwe nerimwe boka remhuka neshiri, nekudaro kuwedzera kugona kwekurima kwavo uye kuwana zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira - mukaka, nyama, makushe, mazai.
Kunobva: https://www.asiaplustj.info